Conception to Birth

Question 1

Where does fertilisation take place?

Answer 1

The uterine (fallopian) tubes

Question 2

The union of a secondary oocyte and a sperm cell result in a _______.

Answer 2

zygote

Question 3

What aids the transport of sex cells? (2)

Answer 3

Prostaglandis and Eostrogen

Question 4

How does prostaglandis aid transport?

Answer 4

In semen - stimulates lashing movement of tail for swimming

In uterine tubes - causes muscular contractions to aid sperm movement

Question 5

How does eostrogen aid transport?

Answer 5

Watery uterine secretions during menstrual cycle- allows sperm to travel easily through female tract.

Question 6

Sperm erodes the ______ ______ using ______ enzymes , and binds to the ____ ____.

Answer 6

corona radiata
acrosomal enzymes
zona pellucida

Question 7

Cleavage causes the zygote to form a _____ which moves to the _____ ______.

Answer 7

morula

uterine cavity

Question 8

The morula forms a _______ which implants into the _____ of the uterus.

Answer 8

blastocyst

endometrium

Question 9

Inner cells of the blastocyst form the _______ , while the cells of the wall of the blastocyst develop into the _____.

Answer 9

embryoblast

Trophoblast

Question 10

The trophoblast send out _____ which invade the endometrium, resulting in _____ in the uterus lining.

Answer 10

Microvilli

implantation

Question 11

The trophoblast produces _____ , a hormone which helps maintain the production of progesterone.

Answer 11

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Question 12

The trophoblast develops an inner layer and both laters develop into the ______.

Answer 12

Chorion (outermost embryonic membrane)

Question 13

______ are spaces between chorionic villi which form and fill with maternal blood.

Answer 13

Lacunae

Question 14

The _____ forms from the chorion and the _____ attaches around the edge of the embryoblast/embryonic disc.

Answer 14

placenta

Amnion

Question 15

The space between the embryonic disc and the amnion is filled with _____

Answer 15

Amniotic fluid

Question 16

Functions of amniotic fluid - (2)

Answer 16

Protection against mothers movements

Maintains a stable temperature

Question 17

The embryoblast flattens to form the ________ with 2 layers, which fold to form a middle layer.

Answer 17

embryonic disc

Question 18

Name the 3 germ layers of the embryonic disc

Answer 18

Ectoderm (outer)
Endoderm (inner)
Mesoderm (middle)

Question 19

The formation of all organs from the layers of the embryonic disc is called ______

Answer 19

Organogenesis

Question 20

embryonic blood vessels extend through the ______________ and attach the embryo to the developing placenta.

Answer 20

Connective stalk

Question 21

What does the placenta form from?

Answer 21

The area where the chorion contacts the uterine wall

Question 22

The embryonic part of the placenta consists of the ______ and ______ ______.

Answer 22

Chorion and chorionic villi

Question 23

The maternal part of the placenta consists of the _______ ______ of the uterine wall

Answer 23

decidua basalis

Question 24

What are the functions of the placental membrane? (2)

Answer 24

To separate embryonic blood from maternal blood.

To provide exchange of nutrients between embryonic and maternal blood.

Question 25

The ____ ____ forms between the placenta and the umbilicus of the embryo.

Answer 25

Umbilical cord

Question 26

What produces blood cells and gives rise to cells which will develop into sex cells?

Answer 26

The yolk sac

Question 27

What produces blood cells and umbilical blood vessels?

Answer 27

The allantois

Question 28

the embryonic stage is from ______ to the end of week __

Answer 28

fertilisation

8

Question 29

The stage after the embryonic stage is the _____ ______

Answer 29

foetal stage