Conception to Birth Flashcards
Where does fertilisation take place?
The uterine (fallopian) tubes
The union of a secondary oocyte and a sperm cell result in a _______.
zygote
What aids the transport of sex cells? (2)
Prostaglandis and Eostrogen
How does prostaglandis aid transport?
In semen - stimulates lashing movement of tail for swimming
In uterine tubes - causes muscular contractions to aid sperm movement
How does eostrogen aid transport?
Watery uterine secretions during menstrual cycle- allows sperm to travel easily through female tract.
Sperm erodes the ______ ______ using ______ enzymes , and binds to the ____ ____.
corona radiata
acrosomal enzymes
zona pellucida
Cleavage causes the zygote to form a _____ which moves to the _____ ______.
morula
uterine cavity
The morula forms a _______ which implants into the _____ of the uterus.
blastocyst
endometrium
Inner cells of the blastocyst form the _______ , while the cells of the wall of the blastocyst develop into the _____.
embryoblast
Trophoblast
The trophoblast send out _____ which invade the endometrium, resulting in _____ in the uterus lining.
Microvilli
implantation
The trophoblast produces _____ , a hormone which helps maintain the production of progesterone.
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
The trophoblast develops an inner layer and both laters develop into the ______.
Chorion (outermost embryonic membrane)
______ are spaces between chorionic villi which form and fill with maternal blood.
Lacunae
The _____ forms from the chorion and the _____ attaches around the edge of the embryoblast/embryonic disc.
placenta
Amnion
The space between the embryonic disc and the amnion is filled with _____
Amniotic fluid
Functions of amniotic fluid - (2)
Protection against mothers movements
Maintains a stable temperature
The embryoblast flattens to form the ________ with 2 layers, which fold to form a middle layer.
embryonic disc
Name the 3 germ layers of the embryonic disc
Ectoderm (outer)
Endoderm (inner)
Mesoderm (middle)
The formation of all organs from the layers of the embryonic disc is called ______
Organogenesis
embryonic blood vessels extend through the ______________ and attach the embryo to the developing placenta.
Connective stalk
What does the placenta form from?
The area where the chorion contacts the uterine wall
The embryonic part of the placenta consists of the ______ and ______ ______.
Chorion and chorionic villi
The maternal part of the placenta consists of the _______ ______ of the uterine wall
decidua basalis
What are the functions of the placental membrane? (2)
To separate embryonic blood from maternal blood.
To provide exchange of nutrients between embryonic and maternal blood.
The ____ ____ forms between the placenta and the umbilicus of the embryo.
Umbilical cord
What produces blood cells and gives rise to cells which will develop into sex cells?
The yolk sac
What produces blood cells and umbilical blood vessels?
The allantois
the embryonic stage is from ______ to the end of week __
fertilisation
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The stage after the embryonic stage is the _____ ______
foetal stage
