Conception to Birth Flashcards

1
Q

Where does fertilisation take place?

A

The uterine (fallopian) tubes

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2
Q

The union of a secondary oocyte and a sperm cell result in a _______.

A

zygote

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3
Q

What aids the transport of sex cells? (2)

A

Prostaglandis and Eostrogen

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4
Q

How does prostaglandis aid transport?

A

In semen - stimulates lashing movement of tail for swimming

In uterine tubes - causes muscular contractions to aid sperm movement

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5
Q

How does eostrogen aid transport?

A

Watery uterine secretions during menstrual cycle- allows sperm to travel easily through female tract.

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6
Q

Sperm erodes the ______ ______ using ______ enzymes , and binds to the ____ ____.

A

corona radiata
acrosomal enzymes
zona pellucida

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7
Q

Cleavage causes the zygote to form a _____ which moves to the _____ ______.

A

morula

uterine cavity

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8
Q

The morula forms a _______ which implants into the _____ of the uterus.

A

blastocyst

endometrium

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9
Q

Inner cells of the blastocyst form the _______ , while the cells of the wall of the blastocyst develop into the _____.

A

embryoblast

Trophoblast

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10
Q

The trophoblast send out _____ which invade the endometrium, resulting in _____ in the uterus lining.

A

Microvilli

implantation

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11
Q

The trophoblast produces _____ , a hormone which helps maintain the production of progesterone.

A

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

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12
Q

The trophoblast develops an inner layer and both laters develop into the ______.

A

Chorion (outermost embryonic membrane)

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13
Q

______ are spaces between chorionic villi which form and fill with maternal blood.

A

Lacunae

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14
Q

The _____ forms from the chorion and the _____ attaches around the edge of the embryoblast/embryonic disc.

A

placenta

Amnion

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15
Q

The space between the embryonic disc and the amnion is filled with _____

A

Amniotic fluid

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16
Q

Functions of amniotic fluid - (2)

A

Protection against mothers movements

Maintains a stable temperature

17
Q

The embryoblast flattens to form the ________ with 2 layers, which fold to form a middle layer.

A

embryonic disc

18
Q

Name the 3 germ layers of the embryonic disc

A

Ectoderm (outer)
Endoderm (inner)
Mesoderm (middle)

19
Q

The formation of all organs from the layers of the embryonic disc is called ______

A

Organogenesis

20
Q

embryonic blood vessels extend through the ______________ and attach the embryo to the developing placenta.

A

Connective stalk

21
Q

What does the placenta form from?

A

The area where the chorion contacts the uterine wall

22
Q

The embryonic part of the placenta consists of the ______ and ______ ______.

A

Chorion and chorionic villi

23
Q

The maternal part of the placenta consists of the _______ ______ of the uterine wall

A

decidua basalis

24
Q

What are the functions of the placental membrane? (2)

A

To separate embryonic blood from maternal blood.

To provide exchange of nutrients between embryonic and maternal blood.

25
The ____ ____ forms between the placenta and the umbilicus of the embryo.
Umbilical cord
26
What produces blood cells and gives rise to cells which will develop into sex cells?
The yolk sac
27
What produces blood cells and umbilical blood vessels?
The allantois
28
the embryonic stage is from ______ to the end of week __
fertilisation | 8
29
The stage after the embryonic stage is the _____ ______
foetal stage