The Nervous System

Question 1

The nervous system is made up of 3 main aspects - ____ input, integration and processing and______ output

Answer 1

sensory

motor

Question 2

Nervous tissue contains _____ and ______

Answer 2

neurons

neuroglia (glial cells/glia)

Question 3

The nervous system is organised into the _____ nervous system and the ______ nervous system

Answer 3

central

peripheral

Question 4

The central nervous system is made up of the ____ and _____ _____

Answer 4

brain

spinal cord

Question 5

The peripheral nervous system is made up of the _______ nervous system (voluntary - controls skeletal muscle) and the ______ nervous system (controls involuntary effects - eg smooth and cardiac muscle)

Answer 5

somatic

autonomic. ( the autonomic nervous system can be further divided into sympathetic (fight/flight) and parasympathetic (quiet, resting) divisions.

Question 6

_______ are the functional units of the nervous system and are responsible for generating and conducting impulses

Answer 6

neurons

Question 7

Neurons are made up of the _____ ______ , ______ and ______ .

Answer 7

cell body
dendrites
axons

Question 8

_____ neurons conduct impulses from peripheral body parts into the brain/spinal cord

Answer 8

sensory (afferent)

Question 9

_________ lie within the brain or spinal cord and link other neurons

Answer 9

interneurons

Question 10

____ neurons conduct impulses out of the brain or spinal cord to the effectors

Answer 10

motor (efferent)

Question 11

______ are cells which support, protect, insulate and nourish neurons.

Answer 11

neuroglia (Glial cells/glia)

Question 12

There are 4 types of neuroglia in the central nervous system - name them

Answer 12

Microglia
oligodendrocytes
astrocytes
Ependymal cells

Question 13

_____ produce insulating layers of myelin called a myelin sheath within the CNS

Answer 13

oligodendrocytes

Question 14

_____ are the most numerous of glial cells and play a big part in maintaining the blood brain barrier

Answer 14

astrocytes

Question 15

____ develop from monocytes and acts as phagocytes in the CNS

Answer 15

microglia

Question 16

______ _____ line the cavities in the brain and central spinal cord within the CNS- they produce cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 16

ependymal cells

Question 17

The 2 type of neuroglia in the PNS are _____ cells and _____ cells

Answer 17

schwann

satellite

Question 18

Schwann cell produce a _____ ______ around peripheral axons

Answer 18

myelin sheath

Question 19

Satellite cells provide a protective coat around cell bodies of ______ ______

Answer 19

peripheral neurons

Question 20

When nerves in the ______ nervous system are damaged their axons may regenerate , however damaged axons within the _____ nervous system usually do not regenerate

Answer 20

peripheral

central

Question 21

The ____ ______ is the charge within the cell

Answer 21

membrane potential

Question 22

A myelin sheath on an axon _____ the speed of conduction of the impulse to the axon terminal .

Answer 22

increases

Question 23

The ______ period is the short period of time during and after an action potential during which a threshhold stimulus cant generate another action potential.

Answer 23

refractory

Question 24

The functional connection between 2 neurons is called the _____

Answer 24

synapse

Question 25

The neurons at a synapse are separated by a _____ _____

Answer 25

synaptic cleft

Question 26

_____ are chemicals which carry out synaptic transmittion

Answer 26

neurotransmitters

Question 27

Neurotransmitters can be exitatory or inhibitory - _____ neurotransmitters open sodium channels allowing sodium to enter the axon which causes depolarisation and makes the action potential more likely to occur

Answer 27

exitatory

Question 28

A ____ is a bundle of axons bound together by layers of connective tissue

Answer 28

nerve

Question 29

The ______ is a 3 layered membrane which covers and protects the brain and spinal cord

Answer 29

meninges

Question 30

The meninges is made up of …. (3) (outer to inner)

Answer 30

Dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater

Question 31

_______ fluid lies between the _____ _____ and _____ ______ (a space called the _______ space)

Answer 31

cerebrospinal
arachnoid mater
pia mater
subarachnoid space