Blood

Question 1

What are the 4 main components of blood ?

Answer 1

Plasma
red blood cells (erythrocytes)
white blood cells (leukocytes)
platelets (thrombocytes)

Question 2

Red blood cells (erythrocytes) are shaped in ______ ______.

Answer 2

Biconcave disks

Question 3

Red blood cells are one third ______.

Answer 3

Haemoglobin

Question 4

What is the function of haemoglobin in RBCs?

Answer 4

Transports O2 and some CO2 through the blood

Question 5

Red blood cells are produced from ______ ____ _____ in red bone marrow

Answer 5

Hematopoetic stem cells

Question 6

_____ is the hormone that regulates the number of RBCs and stimulates the production of them.

Answer 6

erythropoetin

Question 7

Erthropoetin is released from the _____ and _____.

Answer 7

liver and kidney

Question 8

Old red blood cells are broken down and phagocytized by ______ in the liver and spleen.

Answer 8

macrophages

Question 9

White blood cells (leukocytes) are formed from ______ stem cells in red bone marrow.

Answer 9

hematopoetic

Question 10

White blood cells travel to sites of infection and leave the bloodstream by ______.

Answer 10

Diapedesis

Question 11

White blood cells are attracted to damaged tissues - called _____ ____

Answer 11

positive chemotaxis

Question 12

White blood cells move by ______ motion

Answer 12

amoeboid

Question 13

The 2 categories of hormones that stimulate the production of WBCs are ______ and _____ _____ ______

Answer 13

Interleukins

colony stimulating factors (CSFs)

Question 14

What are the different types of White blood cells?

Answer 14

Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Basophils, Monocytes, Lymphocytes.

Question 15

What are the 2 most common types of white blood cells?

Answer 15

Neutrophils and lymphocytes

Question 16

What 2 types of white blood cells are strong phagocytes?

Answer 16

Neutrophils and monocytes

Question 17

_____ (WBC) are weak phagocytes

Answer 17

Eosinophils

Question 18

_______ (WBCs) promote inflamation by producing heparin and histamine

Answer 18

Basophils

Question 19

_____ (WBCs) are responsible for immunity

Answer 19

Lymphocytes

Question 20

Blood Platelets ( Thrombocytes) are fragments of ______

Answer 20

Megakaryocytes

Question 21

Blood platelets develop from hematopoetic stem cells in response to the hormone ______

Answer 21

Thrombopoetin

Question 22

Thrombopoetin is produced in the _____ and controls the development of blood platelets

Answer 22

Liver

Question 23

____ is the liquid part of blood

Answer 23

plasma

Question 24

____ and _____ are suspended in plasma

Answer 24

cells

platelets

Question 25

____ are the most abundant dissolved substance in plasma

Answer 25

proteins

Question 26

Name the 3 types of protein found in plasma.

rank them in order of abundance

Answer 26

Albumins - most abundant
globulins - 2nd most abundant
fibrinogens - least abundant

Question 27

Name the 3 types of globulins within plasma

Answer 27

Alpha globulins
Beta globulins
Gamma globulins

Question 28

All of the proteins within plasma originate from the liver apart from ____ which originate from lymphatic tissue

Answer 28

Gamma globulins

Question 29

_____ regulates the pH of plasma

Answer 29

Bicarbonate

Question 30

_____ within the plasma is used for energy or transported to the liver for conversion to glycogen/fat.

Answer 30

Glucose

Question 31

______ _____ within plasma are transported to the liver where they are used to produce new proteins or broken down for energy.

Answer 31

Amino Acids

Question 32

______ are not soluble in plasma so attach to ______ for transport through the bloodstream

Answer 32

Lipids

proteins

Question 33

Plasma also includes non protein nitrogenous substances (NPNs) including….. (5)

Answer 33

amino acids, urea, uric acid, creatin, creatinine