The Skeletal System

Question 1

How many bones are there in an adult human?

Answer 1

206

Question 2

What are the five functions of our bones? Briefly describe each.

Answer 2

1) Support (internal framework). Leg bones support our trunk. Rib cage supports thoracic wall.
2) Protection (protect soft body organs). The skull protects the brain. The rib cage protects the organs in the thoracic cavity.
3) Movement (levers). Muscles, attatched to bones by tendons, use bones as levers to move our bodies.
4) Storage (fat and minerals). Fat is stored in marrow (internal cavaties of bones). Calcium and phosphorus (deposits and withdrawls).
5) Blood Cell Formation

Question 3

What is a closed (simple) fracture? What is a open (compound) fracture?

Answer 3

• closed (simple) fractures do no penetrate the skin.

- open (compound) fractures penetrate the skin.

Question 4

What is a comminuted fracture?

Answer 4

Bone breaks into many fragments.

Question 5

What is a compression fracture?

Answer 5

Bone is crushed.

Question 6

What is a depressed fracture?

Answer 6

Broken bone portion is pressed inward.

Question 7

What is an impacted fracture?

Answer 7

Broken bone ends are forced into each other.

Question 8

What is a spiral fracture?

Answer 8

Ragged break occurs when excessive twisting forces are applied to a bone.

Question 9

What is a greenstick fracture?

Answer 9

Bone breaks incompletely, much in the way a green twig breaks.

Question 10

What fracure is particularily common in older people, whose bones are more brittle?

Answer 10

Commminuted

Question 11

What type of fracture is common in porous bones (i.e., osteoporotic bones of older people)?

Answer 11

Compression

Question 12

What fracture is typicle of a skull fracture?

Answer 12

Depressed

Question 13

What type of fracture commonly occurs when someone attempts to break a fall with outstretched arms?

Answer 13

Impacted

Question 14

What type of fracture is a common sports fracture?

Answer 14

Spiral

Question 15

What type of fracture is common in children, whose bones are more flexible than those of adults?

Answer 15

Greenstick

Question 16

How is a fracture treated? List 4 steps.

Answer 16

Reduction

1) Hematoma forms
2) Fibrocartilage callus forms
3) Bony callus forms
4) Bone remodeling occurs

Question 17

What are the two skull bones?

Answer 17

1) cranium

2) facial

Question 18

What is the cranium?

Answer 18

Encloses and protects the brain tissue.

Question 19

What is the facial?

Answer 19

Holds the eyes in anterior position and allow facial muscles to show feelings through smiles or frowns.

Question 20

How many bones are in the Vertebral Column (Spine). Which are we focusing on?

Answer 20

26 bones. Reinforced with ligaments.

1) cervical (7)
2) thoracic (12)
3) lumbar (5)
4) sacral (1)
5) coccyx (1)

Question 21

What the the vertebral comumn protect?

Answer 21

The spinal cord.

Question 22

What are the thoracic bones?

Answer 22

• clavicle
• ribs
• sternum

Question 23

What are the limb bones?

Answer 23

Upper Limbs
-humerus
-radius
-ulna
-carpels
Lower Limbs
-Femur
-tibia
-fibula
-tarsels