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Medical-MITS > The Reproductive System > Flashcards

The Reproductive System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Areola / Areola

A

The colored ring surrounding the breast nipple.

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2
Q

Birth Control / Control de natalidad

A

A method of pregnancy prevention.

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3
Q

BPH / Hipertrofia prostática
benigna

A

Benign prostatic hypertrophy is a male condition marked by an enlarged prostate gland, which causes difficulty with urination.

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4
Q

Cervix / Cuello uterino

A

The narrow necklike canal at the bottom part of the uterus. *The word cervical can refer to the cervix
and to the neck.

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5
Q

Colposcopy / Colposcopía

A

A procedure that uses a magnification instrument to evaluate the vagina, vulva, and cervix.

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6
Q

Contraception / Anticonceptivo

A

Using artificial measures to prevent pregnancy including barrier methods, pills, intrauterine devices, and sterilization.

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7
Q

ED / Disfunción eréctil

A

Erectile dysfunction is a condition in which a man is unable to get or keep an erection in order to perform sexual intercourse.

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8
Q

Endometrium / Endometrio

A

The inner lining of the uterus, which thickens during the menstrual cycle in preparation for egg implantation.

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9
Q

Epididymis / Epidídimo

A

A narrowed tube or duct behind each testis, which transports sperm to the vas deferens.

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10
Q

Fallopian tubes / Trompas de Falopio

A

These tubes connect the ovaries to the uterus. When the ovary releases the egg, it travels through the fallopian tubes. *Ojo: it’s trompas de Falopio; not “tubos” de Falopio

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11
Q

Fibroids / Fibromas

A

Tumors in the smooth muscles of the uterus, usually benign but can lead to heavy menstrual periods.

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12
Q

Foreskin / Prepucio

A

The roll of skin covering the penis, which can be retracted or surgically removed by circumcision.

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13
Q

Gynecology / Ginecología

A

The branch of medicine focused on the study of women and girls, especially with regards to their reproductive system.

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14
Q

HPV / Virus del papiloma
humano

A

The human papillomavirus is a type of infection with many different varieties; it is most often used to describe the type that’s passed through sexual contact. *Also possible: papillomavirus humano

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15
Q

Hymen / Himen

A

The thin membrane that partially covers the entrance to the vagina.

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16
Q

Hysterectomy / Histerectomía

A

The surgical removal of the uterus.

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17
Q

Intercourse / Relación sexual

A

Also known as coitus, this is sexual contact or actions with another person.

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18
Q

IUD / Dispositivo intrauterino

A

An Intrauterine Device is a small contraceptive device placed and left inside of the uterus to prevent pregnancy. *Also known in Spansih as DIU, “T” intrauterina o “T” de cobre

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19
Q

Labia / Labia

A

The two sets of skin folds at the opening of the vagina.

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20
Q

Mammary glands / Glándulas mamarias

A

Milk-producing glands in women’s breasts.

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21
Q

Mastectomy / Mastectomía

A

Surgical removal of a breast.

22
Q

Menopause / Menopausia

A

The natural cessation of menstrual cycles and ovarian function, including reduction of female hormones.

23
Q

Menstruation / Menstruación

A

The cyclical discharge of blood and uterine tissue after an egg goes unfertilized.

24
Q

Nipple / Pezón

A

The small projection near the center of each breast; in women, the nipple is connected to the milk ducts.

25
Q

Oophorectomy / Ooforectomía

A

Surgical removal of the ovaries.

26
Q

Orchidism / Orquidismo

A

Any number of conditions involving one or both testes.

27
Q

Ovaries / Ovarios

A

The pair of organs responsible for egg production and located on either side of the uterus.

28
Q

Ovum / Óvulo

A

The matured egg released into the uterus.

29
Q

Pap smear / Papanicolaou

A

The Pap test is a swab of the cervix to determine if there is any abnormal cell growth.

30
Q

Perineum / Perineo

A

The area between the external genitalia and anus.

31
Q

Pessary / Pesario

A

A device that is inserted into the vagina to support sagging pelvic organs.

32
Q

Prostate / Próstata

A

A small gland in males that is located between the penis and bladder; the urethra passes through the center of the prostate to allow urine to flow.

33
Q

Salpingectomy / Salpingectomía

A

Surgical removal of one or both of the fallopian tubes.

34
Q

Scrotum /. Escroto

A

This is the small pouch of skin that holds both testicles in males.

35
Q

Semen / Semen

A

The reproductive fluid produced by males that carries sperm.

36
Q

Seminal vesicles / Vesículas seminales

A

A pair of glands in the male reproductive system
that open into the vas deferens; they produce several of the components that make semen.

37
Q

Seminiferous tubules / Túbulos seminíferos

A

Small tubes within the testicles where sperm is produced.

38
Q

Speculum / Espéculo

A

Used in gynecological exams to spread the walls of the vagina to view the cervix.

39
Q

Sperm / Esperma

A

The male reproductive cell, which fertilizes the female egg to become an embryo.

40
Q

STDs / Enfermedades de transmisión sexual

A

Sexually transmitted diseases are transmitted through sexual intercourse or contact with sexual organ fluids. *Enfermedades venéreas is also correct. However, it may have a negative connotation for some people.

41
Q

Testis / Testículo

A

The male reproductive organ that produces sperm; plural is testes.

42
Q

Trichomoniasis / Tricomoniasis

A

Often called vaginitis, a very common type of infection, it is the transfer of a single-cell organism during sexual intercourse.

43
Q

Tubal ligation / Ligadura de trompas

A

The process of making a fertile woman infertile by banding, clipping, scaling, or tying the fallopian tubes to prevent eggs traveling to the uterus.

44
Q

Uterine prolapse / Prolapso uterino

A

The uterus falls into the vagina through thevaginal vault.

45
Q

Uterus / Útero

A

Also known as womb, it is the organ in the lower pelvic area of females, which carries a fetus to term. *Another common translation is matriz

46
Q

Vagina / Vagina

A

The tube in the female reproductive system that leads from the cervix to the external genitalia.

47
Q

Vas deferens / Conducto deferente

A

The tube in the male reproductive system that transports sperm from the testes to the urethra.

48
Q

Vasectomy / Vasectomía

A

Surgical clipping of both vas deferens, which will prevent sperm from being ejaculated.

49
Q

Vulva / Vulva

A

External female genitalia. Not to be confused with the vagina.

50
Q

Yeast infection / Infección por hongos

A

A vaginal yeast infection caused by Candida and characterized by itching, soreness, burning, pain with intercourse, pain with urination, and whitish discharge from the vagina. *Other posibiities: candidosis o candidiasis

51
Q

Key Word Parts:
hyster/o
orchid/o
salping/o
-ectomy

A

uterus; womb
testis
fallopian tube
surgical removal

Medical-MITS (12 decks)

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