Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical-MITS > The Lymphatic System > Flashcards

The Lymphatic System Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Acquired immunity / Inmunidad adquirida

A

Immunity is the term used to define antibodies in the system, which fight off infection or toxins; acquired immunity is caused by exposure to a disease or infectious antigen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Active immunity / Inmunidad activa

A

Antibody production by the immune system in response to the presence of an infectious or toxic agent.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Adenitis / Adenitis

A

Lymph gland or tissue inflammation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Adenoids / Adenoides

A

Lymphatic tissues located at the back of the throat and nose; when enlarged, they can hinder breathing and speech. *Generally uses the feminine article:
Las adenoides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Adenopathy / Adenopatía

A

Lymph node enlargement or swelling.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Allergen / Alérgeno

A

Something that causes an allergic reaction, like pollen or food.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Anaphylaxis / Anafilaxia

A

A severe allergic reaction to a substance that can be life- threatening, caused by a flood of immune chemicals that shock the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Anemia / Anemia

A

Red blood cell or hemoglobin deficiency characterized by weakness and pale skin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Angioedema / Angioedema

A

Swelling of the deepest skin layers caused by vascular leakage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Antibody / Anticuerpo

A

Primary molecule responsible for fighting infection or toxins, produced by B cells; they bind to the foreign substance or antigen and disable it.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Antigen / Antígeno

A

A foreign substance or toxin that is harmful to the body and stimulates an immune response.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Autoimmune disease / Enfermedad autoinmune

A

A variety of conditions in which the body’s immune system attacks itself.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

B cells / Células B

A

These cells are a type of lymphocyte and responsible for making antibodies.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Bone marrow / Médula ósea

A

The spongy substance in the center of the bones that is responsible for producing stem cells that later become mature blood cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

CBC / Conteo sanguíneo completo

A

Complete blood count is a blood test to measure the different components that make up the blood in order to identify a wide range of disorders like infection or anemia. *Also correct: hemograma completo o
recuento sanguíneo completo.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cytokine / Citoquina

A

A protein secreted by the immune system cells, which plays a role in how cells interact and communicate.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Dentritic cells / Células dentríticas

A

Immune system cells that take antigens and present them to T-cells for destruction; they are the messengers between the different parts of the immune system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma / Linfoma difuso de células B grandes

A

A type of cancer affecting the white blood cells that are responsible for making antibodies.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

DNA / ADN

A

A material in the body that self-replicates; it makes up the chromosomes and carries genetic information. *DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Flare-up / Rebrote

A

A sudden eruption or worsening of the symptoms of a disease, especially after being in remission.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Hemoglobin / Hemoglobina

A

A protein containing iron in red cells that transports oxygen to all the body’s organs.

22
Q

Histamine / Histamina

A

A chemical released by cells in allergic or inflammatory reactions, which cause muscle contractions and capillary dilation.

23
Q

HIV / VIH

A

Human immunodeficiency virus. HIV happens when the body’s immune system attacks T cells, which decreases immunity. Untreated, it can lead to AIDS, which is severe loss of cellular immunity and can be life threatening.

24
Q

Hodgkin’s lymphoma / Linfoma de Hodgkin

A

Also known as Hodgkin’s disease, this is a type of cancer in the lymphatic system characterized by abnormal overgrowth of cells, which then spread to other parts of the body.

25
Q

Hypersensitivity / Hipersensibilidad

A

Also called intolerance, this is a term used to describe a host of reactions by the immune system in response to allergens or antigens.

26
Q

Immune system / Sistema inmunitario

A

The system in the body that protects against infection, foreign substances, tissues, and cells.

27
Q

Immunization / Vacunación

A

The process of making individuals resistant to infectious diseases, generally referred to as a vaccine.

28
Q

Immunoglobulin / Inmunoglobina

A

These proteins function as antibodies; they are present within the fluid of the cells in the immune system.

29
Q

Immunologist / Inmunólogo

A

Also known as an allergist, this is a medical doctor who specializes in the immune system, including immunity from disease and the immune response. *Allergist can be translated as Alergista or
Alergólogo.

30
Q

Immunosuppression / Inmunosupresión

A

The act of reducing the functionality of the immune system; this can happen naturally with disease or chemically with drugs to help an organ heal after transplant.

31
Q

Innate immunity / Inmunidad innata

A

The automatic response in the immune system when an antigen or toxin is introduced to the body.

32
Q

Leukemia / Leucemia

A

A type of cancer in the bone marrow, which prevents the production of platelets, red blood cells, or white blood cells leading to anemia, lower immunity, and poor clotting ability.

33
Q

Leukocytes / Leucocitos

A

These are white blood cells, which are responsible for protecting the body against foreign substances and infection.

34
Q

Lupus / Lupus

A

A number of autoimmune diseases where the immune system attacks itself and leads to severe inflammation of the skin, kidneys, blood cells, heart, lungs, and brain.

35
Q

Lymph nodes / Ganglios linfáticos

A

Small swellings of tissue that are part of the immune system and used to house mature immune cells that fight off infection and unfamiliar substances. *There are many lymph nodes in the body such as cervical, inguinal, and axillary nodes. Nodes is translated as ganglios.

36
Q

Lymph vessels / Vasos linfáticos

A

Lymphatic vessels carry lymph around to the tissues in the body; they are valved structures with thin walls.

37
Q

Lymphangitis / Linfangitis

A

Enlargement or inflammation of the lymphatic vessel walls.

38
Q

Lymphocyte / Linfocito

A

A lymphatic cell is part of the immune system and helps to defend the body against toxins or antigens.

39
Q

Lymphoma / Linfoma

A

Lymph node cancer.

40
Q

Macrophages / Macrófagos

A

A mobile white blood cell that is stagnant within tissues and it is responsible for accumulating at the site of infection to ingest foreign particles and organisms.

41
Q

Pathogen / Patógeno

A

A virus, microorganism, or bacteria that leads to infection.

42
Q

Plasma / Plasma

A

The clear, colorless fluid in milk, blood, or lymph that Plasma holds suspended fat globules.

43
Q

Plasmapheresis / Plasmaféresis

A

A laboratory method to separate cells and plasma from the blood in order to discard the plasma and return only the cells back into the body using a substitution fluid. Used to treat autoimmune diseases.

44
Q

Spleen / Bazo

A

This is an organ within the abdominal cavity and plays a role in the immune system by acting as a filter and removing blood cells.

45
Q

Stem cells / Células madre

A

Cells that replicate after division in order to replace the number of cells that were removed or damaged, while also giving rise to the production of specialized types like T and B cells.

46
Q

T-cells / Células T

A

Infection-fighting lymphatic cells within the immune system and produced by the thymus gland.

47
Q

Thoracic duct / Ducto torácico

A

A main vessel in the lymphatic system that receives and moves lymph fluid from the left side of the body.

48
Q

Thrush / Candidiasis oral

A

A fungal infection most commonly seen in children characterized by whitish ulcers or spots in the mouth; it is caused by Candida albicans.

49
Q

Thymus gland / Gládula timo

A

A lymphoid gland located behind the sternum and responsible for developing T-cells to fight off infection and initiate the immune response to antigens or toxins.

50
Q

Tonsils / Amígdalas

A

The two lumps of lymphoid tissue located in the back of the mouth.

51
Q

Key Word Parts:

A

aden/o gland
cyte/o cell
hem/o blood
-pathy disease

Medical-MITS (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions