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Medical-MITS > The Integumentary System > Flashcards

The Integumentary System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Abrasion / Abrasión

A

A damaged area of the skin caused by wearing away or scraping. *The precise translation is abrasión; however, rasponazo, rozadura o raspón could be more efficient options. Also possible: excoriación.

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2
Q

Abscess / Absceso

A

A collection of pus in any given area caused by bacteria, parasites or foreign material.

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3
Q

Alopecia / Alopecia

A

Total or partial loss of hair on the body; also called baldness.

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4
Q

Basal cell carcinoma / Basalioma

A

Skin cancer that starts in the cells that are designed to make new cells as old ones die off; occurs most often on sun-exposed areas of the skin. *Other correct translations: carcinoma de células basales o carcinoma basocelular.

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5
Q

Bedsores / Llagas por presión

A

Injury or breakage of the skin caused by prolonged pressure such as sitting or lying down for too long. *Bedsores are also called pressure sores or pressure ulcers. Other possible translations: úlcera de decúbito, escara de decúbito.

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6
Q

Boil / Forúnculo

A

Another term for furuncle, this is a dome-shaped lesion filled with pus due to an infected or inflamed hair follicle.

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7
Q

Cauterize / Cauterizar

A

To burn the skin at the site of a wound using a chemical caustic substance or heating instrument to stop the bleeding or prevent infection.

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8
Q

Cryosurgery / Criocirugía

A

A procedure that uses intense cold to destroy Criocirugía undesired skin tissue, such as warts.

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9
Q

Cyst / Quiste

A

A cavity or sac containing fluid anywhere on or in the body. *A cyst is also known as a vesicle.

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10
Q

Debridement / Desbridamiento

A

The surgical cleaning of a wound to remove contaminated or damaged tissues and/or foreign material. *Also translated as limpieza quirúrgica.

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11
Q

Dermabrasion / Dermoabrasión

A

A procedure used in cosmetic surgery that removes the outer layer of skin to resurface the area with new, smooth skin, giving a more youthful appearance.

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12
Q

Dermis / Dermis

A

The layer of skin under the epidermis that holds capillaries, sweat glands, nerve endings, and hair follicles.

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13
Q

Dermatitis / Dermatitis

A

Red, inflamed skin tissue that may be warm to the touch, sore, or blistering; often the result of direct irritation from allergens or other external agents

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14
Q

Diaphoresis / Diaforesis

A

Unusually excessive sweating, generally caused by Diaforesis drug side effects or disease.

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15
Q

Ecchymosis / Equimosis

A

Skin discoloration forming an irregular flat bluish spot, usually the result of bleeding under the skin caused by bruising.

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16
Q

Eczema / Eczema

A

Also called atopic dermatitis, this is a chronic Eczema condition marked by itchy redness to the skin.

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17
Q

Edema / Edema

A

A collection of fluid in the tissues, leading to swelling and inflammation, especially in the legs, feet, hands, and arms.

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18
Q

Epidermis / Epidérmis

A

The outermost layer of the skin that protects the body from external chemicals and agents.

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19
Q

Erythema / Eritema

A

Reddening of the skin, usually in patches, but superficial in nature; generally caused by dilation of the capillaries.

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20
Q

Fissure / Fisura

A

A breakage or crack in the skin that forms as a long and narrow opening.

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21
Q

Gangrene / Gangrena

A

A condition marked by discoloration of the skin as a result of tissue death caused by infection or loss of blood flow to the area. Most commonly seen in the extremities.

22
Q

Hives / Urticaria

A

Red, round welts on the skin that itch and may become swollen; generally caused by an allergic reaction. *Hives are also called urticaria in English. It can also be
translated as ronchas.

23
Q

Impetigo / Impetígo

A

Generally occurring in small children, this condition is characterized by red sores around the mouth and nose and on the feet and hands; the sores eventually rupture, leaving a honey-colored scab or appearance.

24
Q

Intradermal / Intradérmico

A

This is a medication or fluid administration route, indicating just below or under the epidermis.

25
Q

Jaundice / Ictericia

A

Yellowing of the whites of the eyes and skin caused by increased bilirubin in the blood, generally due to liver disease, obstructed bile duct, or red blood cell breakdown.

26
Q

Keloid / Queloide

A

Thick tissue formation at the site of an injury or scar

27
Q

Laceration / Laceración

A

A tear or deep cut in the surface of the skin.

28
Q

Lesion / Lesión

A

A wound in the skin leading to changes in tissue appearance or function.

29
Q

Melanoma / Melanoma

A

A serious type of skin cancer characterized by the unusual growth of new or existing moles.

30
Q

Necrosis / Necrosis

A

Organ or tissue cellular death caused by injury, disease, or blocked blood flow.

31
Q

Birthmark / Lunar

A

Another term for mole; characterized by the appearance of a raised red or brown mark on the skin.

32
Q

Onychomycosis / Onicomicosis

A

A nail infection caused by fungal growth, characterized by a thickened, brittle, discolored nail.

33
Q

Percutaneous / Percutáneo

A

Something performed or occurring through the skin.

34
Q

Pruritus / Prurito

A

Severe itching.

35
Q

Psoriasis / Psoriasis

A

A chronic condition marked by red, scaly patches on the skin.

36
Q

Purpura / Púrpura

A

A purple spotted rash caused by rupture of small blood vessels, leading to bleeding under the skin.

37
Q

Pustule / Pústula

A

A blister or raised pimple on the skin that is filled with pus.

38
Q

Ringworm / Tiña

A

A contagious fungal infection of the skin and scalp. It is not caused by a worm. *Ringworm has nothing to do with worms. This is a condition
caused by a fugus that affects the skin, hair, and nails.
Another possible translation: dermatofitosis.

39
Q

Rosacea / Rosácea

A

The enlargement of facial blood vessels, causing a flushed appearance to the nose and cheeks.

40
Q

Scabies / Sarna

A

A contagious skin condition caused by mites and characterized by tiny red spots that itch.

41
Q

Scleroderma / Esclerodermia

A

Sclerosis or hardening of the skin and connective tissues just under the skin, which may contract.

42
Q

Seborrhea / Seborrea

A

Excessive oily discharge from skin glands.

43
Q

Skin graft / Injerto cutáneo

A

A surgical procedure in which a healthy piece of skin is removed and transplanted to another site on the body. *Also correct: injerto de piel.

44
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma / Carcinoma de células escamosas

A

A form of skin cancer characterized by the rapid growth of abnormal cells in the epidermal squamous cells; it can be malignant and metastasize to other parts of the body.

45
Q

Subcutaneous / Subcutáneo

A

Pertaining to below or under the skin.

46
Q

Tissue / Tejido

A

A collection of similar cells and products that form a structure with a function.

47
Q

Transdermal / Transdérmico

A

Applying or administering medication through the skin, generally by way of a patch, in order to be absorbed slowly over a long period.

48
Q

Ulcer / Úlcera

A

A breakage of the skin or open sore that will not heal.

49
Q

Wart / Mezquino

A

A small hard growth on the skin caused by human papillomavirus. Warts usually appear on hands and fingers. *Some translate wart as verruga; however, verruga also
identifies moles, skin tags, and birthmarks, which are not caused by a virus.

50
Q

Wheal / Roncha

A

Also known as welt, this is a swollen, red spot with a white center that appears on the skin due to an allergic reaction or insect bite; an individual hive.

51
Q

Key Word Parts:

A

derm/o skin
-al pertaining to; as in epidermal
pertains to the epidermis
onych/o nail
trich/o hair
-tome instrument used to cut

Medical-MITS (12 decks)

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