The Renal System (Lecture 10)

Question 1

WHat are the 4 main functions of the renal system?

Answer 1

Remove metabolic waste products / foreign substances

Regulation of water and electrolyte balance

Regulation of arterial pressure

Regulation of acid-base balance

Question 2

What are the 4 organs involved in the renal system?

Answer 2

Kidneys, ureter, bladder and urethra

Question 3

True or False: Kidneys receive 20% of cardiac output at rest via renal arteries and 16% usages of ATP in the body

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The ______ is made up of the renal corpuscle and the renal tubule.

Answer 4

Nephron

Question 5

The renal corpuscles function is to ______ and is made uo of the ______ and ______.

Answer 5

filter blood

Glomerulus and Bowman’s Capsule

Question 6

The renal tubules are made up of?

Answer 6

Proximal tubule
Loop of Henle
Distal convoluted tubule Collecting duct

Question 7

What are the two types of nephrons?

Answer 7

Cortical (short; 2/3)
Juxtamedullary nephron (1/3; 15%)

Question 8

How does blood supply get to the kidney?

Answer 8

Afferent arterioles deliver blood to individual nephrons

• –> glomerular capillary beds
• –> efferent arteriole

Question 9

______ is from glomerulus to Bowman’s capsule

Answer 9

Filtraition

Question 10

______ is from tubules to peritubular capillaries

Answer 10

Reabsorbtion

Question 11

______ is from peritubular capillaries to tubules

Answer 11

Secretion

Question 12

______ is from tubules to out of the body

Answer 12

Secretion

Question 13

Input + production = utilization + output is known as?

Answer 13

The concept of balance

Question 14

______ regulate solute and water content, which also determines volume and helps regulate acid-base balance.

Answer 14

Kidneys

Question 15

______ is when solute or water enters plasma faster than it exits and ______ is when solute or water exits plasma faster than it enters

Answer 15

Positive balance, negative balance