The Renaissance (1350-1550) Flashcards
New Merchant Class
Newer wealthy merchant families
Old Money
Wealthy noble families or wealthy merchant families that had been established for a long time.
Little people
Poor, homeless, or working class
“The Prince”
By Machiavelli
Handbook for dictatorship
Called for ruthless efficiency
The Courtier
1528, by Castiglione
Described the ideal man as someone who new several languages, classical literature, and skilled in the arts.
“The Renaissance Man” or l’uomo universale
Francesco Petrarch
Father of Humanism
Recovered many original texts of the classical age.
Coined the term “Dark Ages”
Develops Italian sonnet.
Patrons
Financiers of Renaissance art.
Led to secular artwork such as portraits.
Chiaroscuro
The contrast between light and dark, used to create three-dimensional images.
Medici family
Wealthy banking family in Florence.
Influenced government.
Patrons of the arts.
Lowkey the first mob.
Single-point perspective
All the elements within a painting converge at a single point in the distance.
Creates a realistic 3D setting
Civic Humanism
The idea that education should prepare leaders that will be active in civic affairs.
Ciompi Revolt
The poor revolt against the government.
They succeed and run Florence for 4 years, completely destroying the city.
Then the wealthy seize power and restore order.
Despots
Dictators.
Seen as beneficial because they maintained order.
Humanism
Achieving the greatest human potential.
Looking at humanity through human eyes.
Studying Greek and Roman texts.
Lorenzo Valla
Discovers that the Donation of Constantine was a fraud.
Discovers that Church Doctrine on Free Will was a fraud and promotes pre-destination.
Realism and Expression
Nudity, realistic and natural form.
Masaccio
Famous painter.
Works include “Expulsion from the Garden of Eden” and “The Holy Trinity”
Classicism
Looks to Greek and Rome.
Secularism, humanism, individualism, symmetry and balance.
Sfumato
Translates to smokiness.
Haziness in a painting shown by blurred or soft lines.
Brunelleschi
Architect.
Made the 1st free standing dome since the Roman Empire.
Podesta
Strong man or executive
Christine de Pisan
Woman humanist, actually respected
Studied Greek but also learned “manly” things.
Wrote “Treasure of the City of Ladies”
Oration of the Dignity of Man
Promotes free will
Da Vinci
Sculptor, painter, anatomist, and scientist.
Works include “The Last Supper” “Mona Lisa” and “Vitruvian Man”
