The Power Of Energy Flashcards
What is energy
The capacity to do work or to produce change
What is energy expressed in
Joules
If an object weight 1 N how many grams does it way on earth
100 grams
What is formula to figure out how many joules of energy u need to do something
Joules = amount of Newton’s X how many meters high u wanna lift it
What is temperature
The degree if agitation in a substances’ molecule or atoms
What is thermal energy
The energy that comes from the random motion of particles in a substance
What are the factors affecting thermal energy
Higher the tempo of a substance, the faster the particles are moving, high er the thermal energy.
The more particles in a substance, the more collisions occurring, the more thermal energy
What is radiant energy
Kind of energy that is contained in and transported by electromagnetic waves
What are electro magnetic waves
Can transport energy from one place to another
The amount of energy is something depends on what?
On the wave length and the amount of radiation.
The shorter the wave length the more energy something has
What is the electro magnetic spectrum
Radio waves —> micro waves —> infrared —> visible light —> ultra violet —> X-rays —> gamma rays
How can u calculate the wave length
Distance from one crest to another or trough to trough
What is mechanical energy
Energy that results from the speed of an object, it’s mass and its surroundings
What is an example of mechanical energy increasing with speed
The damage caused in a car crash going 100 km and hour will be much greater than if the car was going 20 km and hour
What is an example of the more mass of an object, the greater the mechanical energy
A car crash with a truck does more damage than with a small car
What is an example of relationship with its surroundings
Object higher up has more energy than objects lower to the ground
what is chemical energy
energy stored in bonds of a molecule. to get energy out the bond has to be broken. the amount of energy depends on the strength of the bond and energy has to be triggered
what is an example of chemical energy
- operation of a car
- photosynthesis
- cellular respiration
what are examples of mechanical energy
- creation of a crater by an asteroid
- the spinning of a windmill wind
- powering of a hydroelectric power station by a waterfall
what does energy transformation mean
changing of energy from one form to another
what energy transformation does turning on a lamp go through
electrical —-> thermal/ radiant
what energy transformation does photosynthesis go trough
radian ——> chemical
what energy transformation does eating/ digesting go through
chemical ——-> mechanical
what does energy transfer mean
movement of energy from one place to another
what is an example of an energy transfer
burning log transfers heat from itself to the room
what is a physical change
does not affect the nature or the characteristic properties of matter
what are the three types of physical changes
- changes of state
- dissolution
- deformation
what is a phase change
the transformation from one state to another. requires a change in thermal energy
what happens when we heat up water
thermal energy is transferred from the heating plate to the water. speeding up the liquid particles which then turn into a gas. energy is absorbed
what happens when we freeze water
the water transfers its heat to the cold, the freezer lowers the temp of the water. energy is given off.
what happens when we sweat
sweat absorbs heat from our skin until it has enough energy to evaporate.
what is dissolution
when a solution is made forming a solute that is insoluble
what is an exothermic reaction
when the solutes release energy, increasing the temperature
what is an endothermic reaction
when the solute absorbs energy, decreasing the temperature
What is deformation
Changing the shape of a material with an energy transfer
What is an example of a reversible deformation
Trampoline going up and down
What is an example of a permanent deformation
Smashing a calculator
What is a chemical change
Changes the nature and characteristic properties of matter. Produces one or more new substances
What is the law of conservation of mass
Nothing is lost or created. There are the same numbers of atoms on each side
What are the 4 chemical reactions
Synthesis
Oxidation
Decomposition
Precipitation
What synthesis
Formation of a complex molecule from atoms
What is decomposition
Transformation of complex molecule into smaller molecules or atoms
What is oxidation
Chemical reaction involving oxygen or a substance that has similar properties to oxygen
What is precipitation
Formation of a solid that is less soluble , or not soluble, following the mixing of two solutions.
Does photosynthesis absorb or release energy
It absorbs energy.
Does decomposition reals or absorb energy
The release of energy
Does oxidation release or absorb energy
Release
What are example of oxidation
Combustion
Cellular respiration
What happens when a reactant is energy
It absorbs energy
What happens if a product is energy
It realease energy
What is conduction
What transfers through an object. Heat flows through
What is convection
What transfers through a fluid, such as air. The air carries the heat
What is radiation
Transfers heat through waves
