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Science 2 > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the reasons that our body needs food

A

To get energy

To maintain our bodies

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2
Q

What is the job if the digestive system

A

To break down the molecules of the food so that it is small enough to be absorbed

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3
Q

What the digestive tract

A

Mouth —> pharynx —> esophagus —> stomach —> small intestine —> large intestine —> rectum/anus

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4
Q

What is the point of digestive glands

A

To produce secretions that are needed to digest food

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5
Q

What are the four main stages of the digestive system

A

Ingestion
Digestion
Absorption
Elimination

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6
Q

What is ingestion

A

Taking food into the body by swallowing or absorbing it

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7
Q

What are the 2 mechanisms that allow food to go down

A

Swallowing and peristalsis

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8
Q

What happens when we swallow food

A

When we swallow the epiglottis closes the trachea and the uvula moves backwards to close off the nasel cavity

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9
Q

What is the point of the epiglottis closing off the trachea

A

So That food can travel to the esophagus without getting into the respiratory tract

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10
Q

What is digestion

A

Breaking down food into substances that can be used in the body

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11
Q

What are the two types of food transformation

A

Mechanical

Chemical

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12
Q

What is mechanical transformation

A

Physically breaking down food into smaller parts

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13
Q

What are the two types of mechanical transformation

A

Chewing and churning

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14
Q

What is chewing and where does it happen

A

Crushing and grinding food using teeth and muscles in the mouth. It happens in the mouth

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15
Q

What is churning and where does it happen

A

Secretions mix with the food and it happens in the stomach

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16
Q

What is chemical transformation

A

Digestive tract breaks down compels molecules of food into simpler molecules that the body can now use

17
Q

Where do chemical transformations happen

A

Anywhere u have glands. In the mouth stomach and small intestine

18
Q

Salivary glands

A

Secrete : saliva
Located : mouth
Target : starch

19
Q

Gastric glands

A

Secretions : gastric juices
Located : lining of the stomach
Target : protein

20
Q

Intestinal glands

A

Secretions : intestinal juices
Location : small intestine
Target: fat,protein,carbs

21
Q

Pancreases

A

Secretions : pancreatic juice
Location : near the small intestine
Target : fat, protein, carbs

22
Q

Liver

A

Secretions : bile
Location : near small intestine
Target : fat

23
Q

Where does the step of digestion end

A

The small intestine

24
Q

What are proteins broken into

A

Amino acids

25
Q

What are carbs broken into

A

Simple carbs

26
Q

What is fat turned into

A

Fatty acids and glycerol

27
Q

What is absorption

A

The passage of nutrients from the digestive tract into the blood or lymph

28
Q

Where does absorption take place

A

In the small intestine

29
Q

What are villi

A

Small folds in the small intestine

Increases the surface area through which nutrients can be absorbed

30
Q

What does nutrients use to get into the human body

A

They used blood and lymphatic vessels

31
Q

What is elimination

A

Process of getting rid of the unused materials

32
Q

How does elimination happen

A

Digestive residue enters the large intestine. Arrives to the large intestine in a liquid form. Water is absorbed from the residue and then enters the rectum in a solid form

33
Q

Explain why someone is able to swallow upside down

A

Because if peristalsis

34
Q

What is peristalsis

A

Muscle contractions that allow for food to go down. Happens in the esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine

35
Q

What is the only secretion that is a physical change

A

Bile because it does not have a chemical reaction with fat it just helps spread it out

Science 2 (22 decks)

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