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MD2S3: Anatomy 203 > The Posterior Triangle of the Neck > Flashcards

The Posterior Triangle of the Neck Flashcards

1
Q

What are the boundaries of the Posterior Triangle?

A

Anterior: Posterior Border of Sternomastoid Muscle
Posterior: Anterior Border of Trapezius Muscle
Base: Intermediate 1/3rd of Clavicle

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2
Q

Roof of Posterior Triangle

A

Superficial to Deep:
Skin
Superficial Fascia (containing Platysma and External Jugular Vein)
Investing Layer of Deep Cervical Fascia

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3
Q

Floor of Posterior Triangle

A

Scalenus Medius
Levator Scapulae
Splenius Capitis
Small part of Semispinalis Capitis

All covered by Prevertebral Fascia

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4
Q

What are the Contents of the Posterior Triangle?

A

Nerves
Vessels
Muscles

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5
Q

Contents of Posterior Triangle
What are the Nerves?

A

Spinal Accessory Nerves
Four Cutaneous Branches of Cervical Plexus
Roots and Trunks of Brachial Plexus

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6
Q

Contents of Posterior Triangle
Spinal Accessory Nerve: Spinal Segments

A

C1 - C5

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7
Q

Contents of Posterior Triangle: Spinal Accessory Nerve
Pathway

A

Appears at Posterior Border of Sternomastoid
Descends parallel to Levator Scapulae
Ends in Deep Surface of Trapezius Muscle

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8
Q

Contents of Posterior Triangle: Spinal Accessory Nerve
Damage

A

Causes paralysis of Sternomastoid and Trapezius Muscles
Face turns towards paralysed side

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9
Q

Contents of Posterior Triangle
Cervical Plexus: Cutaneous Branches

A

Lesser Occipital Nerve (C2)
Greater Auricular Nerve (C2, 3)
Transverse Cervical Nerve (C2, 3)
Supraclavicular Nerve (C3, 4)

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10
Q

Contents of Posterior Triangle: Cervical Plexus
Lesser Occipital Nerve Pathway

A

Ascends along Posterior Border of Sternomastoid

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11
Q

Contents of Posterior Triangle: Cervical Plexus
Lesser Occipital Nerve supplies …

A

Posterior Part of Scalp

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12
Q

Contents of Posterior Triangle: Cervical Plexus
Greater Auricular Nerve Pathway

A

Crosses Sternomastoid towards Angle of Mandible

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13
Q

Contents of Posterior Triangle: Cervical Plexus
Greater Auricular Nerve supplies …

A

Overlying Skin at Angle of Mandible

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14
Q

Contents of Posterior Triangle: Cervical Plexus
Transverse Cervical Nerve Pathway

A

Crosses Sternomastoid towards Anterior Triangle

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15
Q

Contents of Posterior Triangle: Cervical Plexus
Transverse Cervical Nerve supplies …

A

skin of front of neck

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16
Q

Contents of Posterior Triangle: Cervical Plexus
Supraclavicular Nerve Pathway

A

Descend as Medial, Intermediate and Lateral Groups

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17
Q

Contents of Posterior Triangle: Cervical Plexus
Supraclavicular Nerve supplies …

A

skin on front of upper chest

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18
Q

Contents of Posterior Triangle
Brachial Plexus location

A

Lower Part of Posterior Triangle
Between Scalenus Anterior and Scalenus Medius

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19
Q

Contents of Posterior Triangle
Vessels

A

3rd Part of Occipital Artery crosses Apex of Triangle
3rd Part of Subclavian Artery at Base of Triangle
Transverse Cervical Artery arising from Thyrocervical Trunk
Suprascapular Artery arising from Thyrocervical Trunk
Subclavian Vein which is a continuation of the Axillary Vein

20
Q

Contents of Posterior Triangle
Muscles

A

Inferior belly of Omohyoid

21
Q

Sternocleidomastoid
Origin

A

Sternal Head: Front of Manubrium Sterni
Clavicular Head: Medial 1/3rd of Clavicle

22
Q

Sternocleidomastoid
Insertion

A

Lateral Surface of Mastoid Process
Lateral 1/2 of Superior Nuchal Line

23
Q

Sternocleidomastoid
Nerve Supply

A

Spinal Accessory Nerve

24
Q

Sternocleidomastoid
Action

A

Acting Alone: Pulls Mastoid Process down on same side to Chin turns upwards on opposite side
Acting Together: Flexes Neck Forward and used in Elevation of Clavicle and Sternum during Deep Inspiration

25
Q

Sternocleidomastoid
Torticollis

A

Spasm of muscle during Cold and Inflammation
Ear tilts towards contracted muscle and chin faces opposite direction

26
Q

Suboccipital Triangle
Boundaries

A

Medial: Rectus Capitis Posterior Major
Lateral: Superior Obliquus Capitis
Inferior: Inferior Obliquus Capitis
Floor: Posterior Atlantoocipital Membrane and Posterior Arch of Atlas

27
Q

Suboccipital Triangle
Contents

A

Suboccipital Nerve (C1)
Third Part of Vertebral Artery

28
Q

Suboccipital Triangle
Roof

A

Trapezius
Sternomastoid
Splenius Capitis
Semispinalis Capitis

29
Q

Splenius Capitis Function

A

Bilateral: Extends Neck
Unilateral: Rotates Face to same side

30
Q

Semispinalis Capitis Function

A

Bilateral: Extends Neck
Unilateral: Lateral Flexion of Neck to same side

31
Q

Rectus Posterior Major Capitis
Superior Attachment

A

Lateral Inferior Nuchal Line

32
Q

Rectus Posterior Major Capitis
Inferior Attachment

A

Spine of Axis

33
Q

Rectus Posterior Major Capitis
Nerve Supply

A

Suboccipital Nerve (C1)

34
Q

Rectus Posterior Major Capitis
Action

A

Extends Head and Rotates to same side

35
Q

Rectus Posterior Minor Capitis
Superior Attachment

A

Medial Inferior Nuchal Line

36
Q

Rectus Posterior Minor Capitis
Inferior Attachment

A

Tubercle of Posterior Arch of Atlas

37
Q

Rectus Posterior Minor Capitis
Nerve Supply

A

Suboccipital Nerve (C1)

38
Q

Rectus Posterior Minor Capitis
Action

A

Extends Head

39
Q

Obliquus Superior Capitis
Superior Attachment

A

Occipital Bone

40
Q

Obliquus Superior Capitis
Inferior Attachment

A

Atlas Transverse Process

41
Q

Obliquus Superior Capitis
Nerve Supply

A

Suboccipital Nerve (C1)

42
Q

Obliquus Superior Capitis
Action

A

Extends Head
Bends Head Laterally

43
Q

Obliquus Inferior Capitis
Superior Attachment

A

Atlas Transverse Process

44
Q

Obliquus Inferior Capitis
Inferior Attachment

A

Spine of Axis

45
Q

Obliquus Inferior Capitis
Nerve Supply

A

Suboccipital Nerve (C1)

46
Q

Obliquus Inferior Capitis
Action

A

Rotates Head to Same Side

MD2S3: Anatomy 203 (31 decks)

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