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MD2S3: Anatomy 203 > Midbrain > Flashcards

Midbrain Flashcards

1
Q

What are the surfaces of the midbrain?

A

Anterior
Posterior

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2
Q

What are the divisions of the midbrain?

A

Two halves each called cerebral peduncle

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3
Q

Which nerve arises from the medial border of the peduncle?

A

Oculomotor Nerve

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4
Q

What is the posterior surface of the midbrain called?

A

Tectum

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5
Q

What structures are formed from the tectum?

A

2 Superior Colliculi
2 Inferior Colliculi

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6
Q

Which nerve originates from the posterior surface of the tectum?

A

Trochlear Nerve

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7
Q

How is each Cerebral Peduncle divided?

A

Substantia Nigra divides peduncle into Crus Cerebri anteriorly and Tegmentum posteriorly

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8
Q

Crus Cerebri
Varying of the Crus Cerebri structure throughout the midbrain

A

Same structure throughout

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9
Q

Crus Cerebri
Fibers of the anterior part of the Crus Cerebri

A

Corticospinal fibers
Corticopontine fibers

Continue descending downwards converging at the pons

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10
Q

Substantia Nigra
Varying of the Substantia Nigra structure throughout the midbrain

A

Same structure throughout

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11
Q

Substantia Nigra
Structure

A

Lamina of grey matter formed of melanin pigmented nerve cells which synthesize dopamine

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12
Q

Substantia Nigra
Location

A

Behind the Crus Cerebri

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13
Q

Substantia Nigra
The Substantia Nigra is connected to the …

A

… Caudate Nucleus and Putamen of Basal Ganglia

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14
Q

Substantia Nigra
Damage to the Substatia Nigra causes …

A

… loss of dopamine secreting neurons leading to Parkinson’s Disease

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15
Q

Tegmentum
Location

A

Posterior to Substantia Nigra

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16
Q

Tegmentum
Components

A

Ascending Tracts
Nuclei

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17
Q

Tegmentum
Part of Tegmentum behind the aqueduct is called …

A

… Tectum

18
Q

Tegmentum
Purpose of the Superior Colliculi

A

Reflex centres of vision

19
Q

Tegmentum
Purpose of the Inferior Colliculi

A

Reflex centres of hearing

20
Q

Tegmentum: Lower Midbrain at Inferior Colliculus
Structures

A

Nuclei
Ascending Tracts

21
Q

Tegmentum: Lower Midbrain at Inferior Colliculus
Nuclei Names

A

Inferior Colliculus
Trochlear Nerve Nucleus
Mesencephalic Nucleus of Trigeminal
Decussation of Superior Cerebellar Peduncles

22
Q

Tegmentum: Lower Midbrain at Inferior Colliculus
What fibers does the Inferior Colliculus Nucleus receive?

A

Ascending Auditory Fibers

23
Q

Tegmentum: Lower Midbrain at Inferior Colliculus
Where do the fibers of the Inferior Colliculus Nucleus run?

A

In the Lateral Lemniscus

24
Q

Tegmentum: Lower Midbrain at Inferior Colliculus
Location of the Trochlear Nerve Nucleus

A

Anterior to Cerebral Aqueduct

25
Q

Tegmentum: Lower Midbrain at Inferior Colliculus
Trochlear Nerve Nucleus fiber pathway

A

Cross to opposite sides and emerge from back of midbrain

26
Q

Tegmentum: Lower Midbrain at Inferior Colliculus
What does the Trochlear Nerve Nucleus supply?

A

Superior Oblique Muscle

27
Q

Tegmentum: Lower Midbrain at Inferior Colliculus
What fibers does the Mesencephalic Nucleus of Trigeminal receive?

A

Proprioceptive fibers from Facial and Extra-Ocular Muscles and Muscles of Mastication

28
Q

Tegmentum: Lower Midbrain at Inferior Colliculus
What is the Decussation of Superior Cerebellar Peduncles

A

Fibers of each peduncle cross to opposite sides in the central part of Tegmentum

29
Q

Tegmentum: Lower Midbrain at Inferior Colliculus
Names of Ascending Tracts

A

Medial Lemniscus
Spinal Lemniscus
Trigeminal Lemniscus
Lateral Lemniscus
Anterior Spinocerebellar Tract

30
Q

Tegmentum: Lower Midbrain at Inferior Colliculus
What is the Medial Lemniscus

A

Ascending fibers carrying prioperioceptive sensations from the opposite side of the body

31
Q

Tegmentum: Lower Midbrain at Inferior Colliculus
The Medial Lemniscus is an upward continuation of …

A

… the Gracial and Cuneate tracts of the opposite side

32
Q

Tegmentum: Upper Midbrain at Superior Colliculus
Nuclei Names

A

Superior Colliculus
Oculomotor nerve motor nucleus
Pretectal nucleus

33
Q

Tegmentum: Upper Midbrain at Superior Colliculus
Superior Colliculus location

A

Upper part of tectum in midbrain

34
Q

Tegmentum: Upper Midbrain at Superior Colliculus
Superior Colliculus nucleus is the centre of what impulses?

A

Visual Reflexes

35
Q

Tegmentum: Upper Midbrain at Superior Colliculus
Oculomotor Nerve Nucleus Location

A

Anterior to aqueduct of midbrain

36
Q

Tegmentum: Upper Midbrain at Superior Colliculus
Where do fibers of Oculomotor Nerve Nucleus emerge from?

A

Medial surface of crus cerebri

37
Q

Tegmentum: Upper Midbrain at Superior Colliculus
What does the Oculomotor Nerve Nucleus supply?

A

Extra-ocular muscles of eye

Except for superior and lateral rectus muscles

38
Q

Tegmentum: Upper Midbrain at Superior Colliculus
Pretectal Nucleus location

A

Dorsal to Superior Colliculus

39
Q

Tegmentum: Upper Midbrain at Superior Colliculus
Pretectal Nucleus has connections with …

A

… parasympathetic nucleus of oculomotor nerves of both sides (Edinger-Westphal nucleus)

40
Q

Tegmentum: Upper Midbrain at Superior Colliculus
Ascending Tract names

A

Medial Lemniscus
Spinal Lemniscus
Trigeminal Lemniscus
Anterior Spinocerebellar Tract

41
Q

Which blood vessels supply the Medial Parts of the Crus Cerebri and Tegmentum?

A

Branches of Basilar Artery and Posterior Cerebral Artery

42
Q

Which blood vessels supply the Lateral Parts of the Crus Cerebri and Tegmentum?

A

Branches of Posterior Cerebral and Superior Cerebellar

MD2S3: Anatomy 203 (31 decks)

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