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MD2S3: Anatomy 203 > Pons > Flashcards

Pons Flashcards

1
Q

Location of the pons

A

Inferior to midbrain
Superior to medulla

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2
Q

What separates the medulla from the pons?

A

Transverse groove

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3
Q

What are the nerves of the transverse groove?

A

Abducent nerve (Above Pyramid)
Facial (Above Olive)
Vestibulocochlear (Above Olive)

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4
Q

What are the surfaces of the pons?

A

Anterior
Posterior

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5
Q

Describe the anterior surface of the pons

A

Convex

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6
Q

Purpose of the basilar sulcus

A

Contains basilar artery

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7
Q

Where is the trigeminal nerve attached?

A

Attached by two rootlets

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8
Q

What is the inferior posterior surface of the pons continuous with?

A

Upper part of the medulla

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9
Q

What is the median sulcus?

A

Divides the posterior surface of the pons into two halves

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10
Q

What is the medial eminence?

A

Elongated elevation bound by sulcus limitans

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11
Q

Where is the facial colliculus?

A

Lower part of the medial eminence overlying the abducent nucleus

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12
Q

What surrounds the facial colliculus?

A

Facial nucleus axons turned around abducent nucleus

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13
Q

What is the superior fovea?

A

Depression at the lower end of sulcus limitans at the level of facial colliculus

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14
Q

Where are the vestibular nuclei?

A

Lateral to the superior fovea

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15
Q

How many parts can the pons be divided into?

A

Basilar part
Tegmentum

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16
Q

What structure divides the pons?

A

Divided by transversely running fibers of trapezoid body

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17
Q

Where is the basilar part of the pons?

A

Anterior part of the pons

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18
Q

How do the contents of the basilar parts vary at each level?

A

Contents are the same at each level

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19
Q

Where is the tegmental part of the pons?

A

In the dorsal part of the pons
Includes the trapezoid body

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20
Q

How do the contents of the tegmentum vary at each level?

A

Vary in the three levels of the pons

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21
Q

What are the components of the basilar part of the pons?

A

Descending Tracts

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22
Q

What are the descending tracts in the basilar part of the pons?

A

Corticoponto Cerebellar Tract
Corticospinal Tract

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23
Q

Characteristics of the corticoponto cerebellar tract

A

Has numerous transverse pontocerebellar fibers which arise from pontine nuclei

24
Q

Characteristics of the corticospinal tract

A

Small, separate bundles running longitudinally between the transverse pontine fibers

25
Q

What are the levels of the tegmental part of the pons?

A

Lower level: Level of facial colliculus.
Mid-level: level of trigeminal nerve.
Upper level: level of 4 lemnisci

26
Q

Where is the trapezoid body?

A

Anterior part of the tegmentum

27
Q

What are the fibers of the trapezoid body responsible for?

A

Arise from cochlear body and are responsible for hearing

28
Q

Tegmentum in Lower Pons
Components

A

Nuclei
Ascending Tracts

29
Q

Tegmentum in Lower Pons
Nuclei

A

Anterior and posterior cochlear nuclei
Vestibular nuclei
Superior salivatory nucleus
Abducent nerve nucleus
Facial motor nucleus

30
Q

Tegmentum in Lower Pons
What encircles the abducent nerve nucleus?

A

Fibers of facial nerve

31
Q

Tegmentum in Lower Pons
What does the encircling of the Abducent Nucleus form?

A

Forms elevation in the floor of 4th ventricle called facial colliculous

32
Q

Tegmentum in Lower Pons
Describe the pathway of the facial motor neurons

A

Efferent fibers encircle abducent nucleus
Pass antero-laterally
Emerge at the groove between pons & olive of medulla

33
Q

Tegmentum in Lower Pons
Ascending Tracts

A

Medial Lemniscus (Gracile and Cuneate Tracts)
Spinal Lemniscus (Anterior and Lateral Spinothalamic Tracts)
ANTERIOR SPINOCEREBELLAR TRACT
Spinal Tract and Nucleus

34
Q

Tegmentum in Lower Pons
Purpose of the spinal tract

A

Carries pain and temperature sensations of face and scalp

35
Q

Tegmentum in Mid-Pons
Nuclei

A

Trigeminal motor nucleus
Trigeminal sensory nucleus

36
Q

Tegmentum in Mid-Pons
Location of Trigeminal Motor Nucleus

A

Medial in position

37
Q

Tegmentum in Mid-Pons
What do the axons of the Trigeminal Motor Nucleus form?

A

Form the motor root of trigeminal nerve which passes along mandibular nerve

38
Q

Tegmentum in Mid-Pons
Location of the Trigeminal Sensory Nucleus

A

Lateral in position

39
Q

Tegmentum in Mid-Pons
Names of Ascending Tracts

A

Medial, Trigeminal, Spinal and Lateral Lemnisci
Anterior Spinocerebellar Tract

40
Q

What is the upper tegmentum composed of?

A

Lateral Lemniscus
Spinal Lemniscus
Trigeminal Lemniscus
Medial Lemniscus
Anterior Spinocerebellar Tract

41
Q

Tegmentum in Upper-Pons
Location of Lateral Lemniscus

A

Most lateral lemniscus

42
Q

Tegmentum in Upper-Pons
What fibers does the Lateral Lemniscus contain?

A

Ascending fibers carrying hearing sensations from both ears (mainly opposite side)

43
Q

Tegmentum in Upper-Pons
Where does the Lateral Lemniscus end?

A

Auditory Area in Temporal Lobe

44
Q

Tegmentum in Upper-Pons
Location of Spinal Lemniscus

A

Medial to lateral lemniscus

45
Q

Tegmentum in Upper-Pons
What fibers does the Lateral Lemniscus contain?

A

Band of ascending fibers

46
Q

Tegmentum in Upper-Pons
What sensations does the Spinal Lemniscus carry?

A

Pain, temperature and touch from opposite side of body

47
Q

Tegmentum in Upper-Pons
Location of the Trigeminal Lemniscus

A

Medial to Spinal Lemniscus

48
Q

Tegmentum in Upper-Pons
What sensations does the Trigeminal Lemniscus carry?

A

Touch, pain and temperature from the opposite side of the face and scalp

49
Q

Tegmentum in Upper-Pons
Location of Medial Lemniscus

A

Most medial lemniscus

50
Q

Tegmentum in Upper-Pons
What sensations does the Medial Lemniscus carry?

A

Carrying proprioceptive sensations from the opposite side of the body

51
Q

Primary blood supply of the pons

A

Basilar Artery

52
Q

Which branches of the basilar artery supply the medial part of the basis pontis?

A

Paramedian Pontine Branches

53
Q

Which branches of the basilar artery supply the lateral part of the basis pontis?

A

Long and short circumferential pontine branches

54
Q

Which branches of the basilar artery supply the tegmentum?

A

Paramedian pontine branches
Long circumferential pontine branches and superior cerebellar artery (cranial part)
Long circumferential pontine branches and anterior inferior cerebellar artery (caudal part)

55
Q

What is the venous drainage of the pons?

A

Basilar Venous Plexus
Inferior Petrosal Sinus

56
Q

What are the effects of extensive pontine haemorrhage?

A

Pin point pupil
Hyperpyrexia
Quadriplegia

MD2S3: Anatomy 203 (31 decks)

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