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MD2S3: Anatomy 203 > Cerebellum > Flashcards

Cerebellum Flashcards

1
Q

Purpose of the cerebellum

A

Coordinating contraction

E.g. contraction of agonists and relaxation of antagonists

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2
Q

Each cerebellar hemisphere controls the ____ half of the body

A

Ipsilateral

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3
Q

What does cerebellar dysfunction cause?

A

Ataxia (Jerky/uncoordinated movements)

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4
Q

Location of the cerebellum?

A

Posterior cranial fossa

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5
Q

How many hemispheres make up the cerebellum?

A

2 hemispheres

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6
Q

What connects the hemispheres?

A

Vermis

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7
Q

What are the lobes of the cerebellum?

A

Anterior
Posterior
Flocculo-Nodular

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8
Q

What are the fissures of the cerebellum?

A

Primary Fissure (superior surface)
Horizontal Fissure (superior surface)
Uvulo-Nodular Fissure (inferior surface)

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9
Q

Primary fissure location

A

Between anterior and posterior lobes

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10
Q

Horizontal fissure location

A

Between superior and inferior surfaces
Extends around lateral and posterior borders

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11
Q

Uvulo-nodular fissure location

A

Between posterior and flocculo-nodular lobes

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12
Q

Where can the anterior lobe be found?

A

Superior surface of the cerebellum

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13
Q

Where can the posterior lobe be found?

A

Between Primary Fissure and Uvulo-Nodular Fissure

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14
Q

Location of the Flocculo-Nodular Lobe

A

Anterior part of the inferior surface

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15
Q

What are the folia?

A

Folds of the cerebral cortex serparated by tiny transverse fissures

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16
Q

What are the functional divisions of the cerebellum?

A

Archicerebellum (Vestibulocerebellum)
Paleocerebellum (Spinocerebellum)
Neocerebellum (Cerebrocerebellum)

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17
Q

Archicerebellum
Components

A

Flocculonodular lobe
Ligula

18
Q

Archicerebellum
Function

A

Position (balance)

19
Q

Archicerebellum
Describe the pathway of the afferents to the archicerebellum

A

Receive afferents from vestibular nuclei
Transfered to inferior cerebellar peduncles
Received by the archicerebellum

20
Q

Paleocerebellum
Components

A

Anterior lobe
Part of inferior vermis (uvula and pyramid)

21
Q

Paleocerebellum
Function

A

Gross propulsive movements
Posture

22
Q

Paleocerebellum
Describe the pathway of afferents to the paleocerebellum

A

Proprioceptive stimuli from anterior and posterior spinocerebellar tracts
Travel to inferior and superior cerebellar peduncles
Received by cerebellar cortex

23
Q

Neocerebellum
Components

A

Posterior lobe (except uvula and pyramid)
Dentate nuclei

24
Q

Neocerebellum
Function

A

Planning
Modulation
Voluntary Movements

25
Q

Neocerebellum
Describe the pathway of fibers to the neocerebellum

A

Receives afferent fibers from cerebral cortex
Pontine nuclei fibers from pontine nuclei cross to opposite side
Pass through middle cerebellar peduncle to the cerebellum

26
Q

Neocerebellum
Describe the pathway of fibers away from the neocerebellum

A

Project from dentate nucleus to the contralateral thalamus
Reach to motor cortex of frontal lobe
Gives rise to cortico-spinal pyramid tract

27
Q

What substance forms the cerbellum?

A

Grey matter

28
Q

What are the components of the grey matter?

A

Cerebellar cortex
Cerebellar nuclei

29
Q

Cerebellar Cortex
3 layers of cerebellar cortex

A

External
Middle
Internal

30
Q

Cerebellar Cortex
Neurons of the external layer

A

Stellate Cells
Basket Cells

31
Q

Cerebellar Cortex
Neurons of the middle layer

A

Purkinge Cells

32
Q

Cerebellar Cortex
Neurons of the internal layer

A

Granular Cells
Golgi Cells

33
Q

Names of the Cerebellar Nuclei

A

Dentate
Emboliform
Globose
Fastigial

34
Q

What structures connect the brainstem to the cerebellum?

A

Superior Cerebellar Peduncle (Midbrain)
Middle Cerebellar Peduncle (Pons)
Inferior Cerebellar Peduncle (Medulla)

35
Q

Which blood vessel supplies the superior surface of the cerebellum?

A

Superior Cerebellar Artery (Basilar Artery)

36
Q

Which blood vessel supplies the lateral part of the inferior surface of the cerebellum?

A

Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (Basilar Artery)

37
Q

Which blood vessel supplies the medial part of the inferior surface of the cerebellum?

A

Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (Vertebral Artery)

38
Q

What is ataxia?

A

Loss of control of voluntary movement

39
Q

What are some features of ataxia?

A

Wide gait
Dysmetria
Dysdiadochokinesia
Intention Tremor

40
Q

What are the causes of cerebellar ataxia?

A

Lesion in the one cerebellar hemisphere
Caused by tumor or vascular lesion

MD2S3: Anatomy 203 (31 decks)

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