The Pilgrimage of Grace Flashcards
When was the Pilgrimage of Grace?
1536
Where did the Pilgrimage of Grace take place?
Yorkshire
Who rebelled in the Pilgrimage of Grace and why?
Devout Christians who were worried and angered by the changes that Henry had made to the Church.
Who was the leader at the Pilgrimage of Grace?
Robert Aske.
What were the 3 aims of Aske and his fellow protestors?
-Restore the monasteries
-Recognise the Pope as the head of the Church
-Dismiss Cromwell and other ministers who were giving the king poor advice
Name 5 key locations the pilgrims had captured by October 1536:
-Lincoln
-York
-Pontefract Castle
-North of Cheshire
-Lincolnshire
Who had Henry chosen to represent him and negotiate with the pilgrims?
The Duke of Norfolk
What religion was the Duke of Norfolk?
Catholic
When did Norfolk meet the pilgrims?
27 October 1536
How big was Norfolks army compared to that of Aske’s?
Norfolk had an army of 8,000 men, and Aske had one of 30,000.
When did the revolt break out for a second time?
January 1537
What did the rebels attack during the second revolt?
What did this give Henry an excuse to do?
Castles in Hull, Beverly and Scarborough.
This gave Henry an excuse to cancel the pardons.
How many rebels were hanged after the second rebellion?
74 of them were hanged in their own back garden.
Why did Norfolk not hang more than the 74 rebels?
Because he felt they had been humiliated enough.
When was Aske killed?
12 July 1537
What were all local landowners required to do regarding Aske’s death?
They were required to watch his execution.
What did the campaign against smaller monasteries in 1536 give way to?
The dissolution of larger monasteries in 1539.
Which abbot tried to resist the closures of the monasteries?
Abbot of Glastonbury.
What happened to Abbot Glastonbury after trying to resist the closure of monasteries?
He was dragged through the town, hanged, and had his head placed on a spike on the abbey gates
What happened to monastery land and material?
Monastery land was taken by landowners, and many were left empty, having been stripped of the gold and jewels by the monks. The doors, beams, lead and stained glass windows were taken by the locals.
What had happened to court finances after the pilgrimage?
They improved greatly, with the money from the monasteries.
Name 3 things Henry did with the money coming from the monasteries:
-Developing the Royal Navy
-Building more ships
-Reinforcing fortifications
Give an example of a ship Henry built using money from the monasteries:
Mary Rose
Give 3 long-term impacts of the pilgrimage:
-Henry consolidated his control in the north with the Council of the North
-He increased the power of local families
-He secured the border with Scotland
Give 2 short-term impacts of the pilgrimage:
-Henry was convinced about the need for the end of the monasteries
-He was adamant that he should have control over all people and institutions
What happened to Cromwell after the uprisings?
He was charged with treason and corruption, so was executed.
How many more rebellions took place during Henry’s reign after the Pilgrimage of Grace?
0
When was Cromwell beheaded?
July 1540
What happened as a result of Cromwell being beheaded?
King Henry VIII now had full control of the Church and his country.
