Chartism - Impacts

Question 1

Why was it a peaceful movement?

Answer 1

Due to Lovett’s Christian faith.

Question 2

What did Lovett organise?

Answer 2

The mass signing of petitions to be sent to parliament.

Question 3

Where did a Chartist protest take place?

Answer 3

Newport.

Question 4

When did Chartists march to Newport?

Answer 4

November 1839

Question 5

What did Chartists do in Newport?

Answer 5

One of their leaders had been imprisoned and many planned to attack the prison and free him.

Question 6

What happened as a result of the Chartists in Newport?

Answer 6

Authorities were ready for the Chartists, the soldiers opened fire and 22 men were killed.

Question 7

Who became the undisputed leader of the movement?

Answer 7

Feargus O’Connor.

Question 8

When was the first petition sent to parliament?

Answer 8

1839

Question 9

When was the second petition sent to parliament?

Answer 9

1842

Question 10

What did O’Connor do after the 1842 petition was rejected?

Answer 10

He called for violent acts to pressurise parliament into agreeing to the demands.

Question 11

What was the ‘plug plot’?

Answer 11

The north of England started to vandalise machinery

Question 12

What did O’Connor call for to remove the people who kept working men down?

Answer 12

He called for a general strike for all workers and even went as far as calling for a British Republic.

Question 13

What happened by 1847 which caused a surge in support for the Chartists?

Answer 13

The economic and agricultural depression.

Question 14

What did many Chartists become heavily involved in?

Answer 14

Trade unions

Question 15

What did Lovett and other leaders promote?

Answer 15

Temperance

Question 16

What was temperance?

Answer 16

Zero tolerance of alcohol

Question 17

What did temperance show about the working class?

Answer 17

That working class people were disciplined and worthy of the vote.

Question 18

What was O’Connor interested in?

Answer 18

Land reform.

Question 19

What kind of land reform was O’Connor interested in?

Answer 19

He felt everyone was entitled to land, and that if they had land, they could leave the factory towns and the problems they faced there.

Question 20

Give an example of a newspaper which the Chartists used to promote their agenda:

Answer 20

The Northern Star

Question 21

What did local governments put up posters saying?

Answer 21

Asking people not to attend Chartist meetings.

Question 22

What did the government freely do as a response to the Chartists?

Answer 22

They freely arrested them, with Lovett and O’Connor being arrested on more than one occasion.

Question 23

What was one tool the government used to deter people from pushing for reform?

Answer 23

Transportation

Question 24

Give an example of a country which the government transported people to dissuade them from joining Chartism:

Answer 24

Australia

Question 25

Give an example of an important Chartist and what they did:

Answer 25

William Cuffay, an important Chartist leader in London, had been transported to Australia for his actions. Here, he quickly set up Chartist groups to support the freedom of indigenous people. The Chartist movement spread through the empire, and Chartism continued to challenge the British government even on different continents.

Question 26

Who and how many had met on Kennington Common in London?

Answer 26

O’Connor and fewer than 50,000 supporters.

Question 27

When did Chartists meet on Kennington Common in London?

Answer 27

10 April 1848

Question 28

What had the Duke of Wellington prepared, expecting more, at Kennington Common in London?

Answer 28

Troops and police

Question 29

How many special constables were enrolled for the day at Kennington Common?

Answer 29

85,000

Question 30

What was the point of supporters meeting on Kennington Common?

Answer 30

To take a third Chartist petition to parliament.

Question 31

The third petition was said to have how many signatures? But how many did it really have?

Answer 31

It was said to have over 5 million signatures, in fact it had fewer than 2 million.

Question 32

What was discovered about many of the signatures on the third Chartist petition?

Answer 32

Many were forged.

Question 33

How many of the 6 aims in the People’s Charter were met and by when?

Answer 33

All but one of the 6 aims were acheived by 1928.

Question 34

What are the 5 reasons why the Chartist movement failed in the short term?

Answer 34

-Strong parliamentary opposition
-The standard of living started to increase during the 1850s
-There were many alternative working-class movements
-The divided leadership of Lovett and O’Connor
-They had one clear message but too many fringe groups

Question 35

Give 2 alternative working class movements from Chartism which increased the failure of it:

Answer 35

Trade unionism and cooperatives.