Peasant's Revolt Flashcards
What year did a ship arrive in Dorset from Europe, bringing the Black Death to England?
1348.
By what year did the Black Death arrive in Scotland?
1350.
How much of the population did the Black Death kill?
A third of the population.
Who were most likely to be affected by the plague?
The poor.
When was the Statutes of Labourers passed?
1351.
Why was the Statutes of Labourers passed?
Peasant’s started demanding higher wages as there were fewer workers after the Black Death. Local lords and even the King started to worry so the Statutes of Labourers was passed.
What did the Statutes of Labourers state?
Every man and woman in the realm must work for those who want them, and shall only receive the same wages as before the plague.
Did the peasant’s accept the Statutes of Labourers?
No.
Between what years did 70% of the people bought before the Justices of the Peace were accused of breaking the Statutes?
1377 and 1379.
When was the Peasant’s Revolt?
1381.
Why were many peasants in a powerful position after the Black Death?
The Black Death had killed so many workers, and landowners needed workers to bring in the harvests.
Who was the king at the time of the Black Death?
Richard II.
Why did Richard introduce a poll tax?
To help fund campaigns against the French in the Hundred Years War.
How many poll taxes did Richard introduce in total?
3.
By 1380, how much did you have to pay for the poll tax?
Every person over the age of 15 had to pay 4 groats per year to the king.
How much had people previously (before 1380) have to pay for the poll tax?
Only 1 groat per year.
What 3 things did many priests start to preach or argue about in 1380?
-About how the Church had been exploiting the peasants
-Also that the Church should not be charging pardons for sins
-Also that the Church should not have so much property when others were starving.
What 2 key people were doing this preaching?
John Wyclif and John Ball.
What specific preaching did John Ball say?
‘When Adam delved and eve span, who was there a gentleman?’
What were peasant’s angry at, which wasn’t necessarily the king?
The oppressive system they lived under.
Who was the tax collector?
John Bampton.
When and where did the Peasants refuse to pay and threaten Bampton with his life?
30 May, Fobbing.
When did the peasants behead Bampton’s clerks and start setting fire to the houses of Bampton’s supporters?
2 June, Brentwood.
When and where did the peasant’s make Wat Tyler their leader/
7 June, Maidstone.
When did the peasants free John Ball from Maidstone prison?
7 June.
When did the peasants storm Rochester Castle?
7 June.
When and where did the king sail to meet the peasants?
12 June, Bishopsgate.
What 2 buildings did the peasants burn down?
-Government buildings
-The Savoy Palace of John of Gaunt.
When did the peasants burn down the Savoy palace of John of Gaunt?
13 June.
Why did the peasants burn down government buildings?
To destroy tax records.
When do the peasants kill foreign merchants and supporters of the king?
13 June.
When and where does Wat Tyler meet the king, and to discuss what?
14 June, Mile end. Wat Tyler meets the king and outlines the peasants’ demands. The king is also to give a royal pardon to all involved and all villains are to be made freemen.
Who do the peasants kill on the 14 June?
The Archbishop of Canterbury.
When did the revolt end?
15 June.
When and how is Wat Tyler killed?
On the 15th June, while he refused to leave until the king agreed to his demands, of the king’s men stepped forward and killed him.
What happened to the rebel leaders once the revolt was over?
They were rounded up and hanged.
What happened to John Ball once the revolt was over?
He was hanged and his body cut into pieces. His head was stuck on a spike on London Bridge.
Where was Wat Tyler’s head put after the revolt was over?
Next to John Ball’s.
What is a short-term impact of the Peasants Revolt?
-Worker’s wages began to rise.
What are 3 long-term impacts of the Peasants Revolt?
-The poll tax was never repeated in the Medieval period
-Parliament eventually gave in and stopped trying to control the peasants’ wages
-Gradually peasants became independent and within 100 years the peasants were freemen.
Give 2 reasons why the revolt is significant:
It led to a change for the peasants and was the first time ordinary people had started a revolt.
Why do some historians believe the revolt was unnecessary?
They suggest that society was already changing and that serfdom was coming to an end.
What do socialist historians believe about the revolt?
That it was significant because it was the first working-class rebellion.
Other historians believed it marked the beginning of what?
English ideas of freedom.
Who were the key priests who started to preach these things?
John Wyclif and John Ball.
