Henry VIII and the Church Flashcards
When did Henry VIII become king?
1509.
What was the reformation?
A religious movement in the 1500s that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church.
What did many people believe about the Roman Catholic Church?
That there was a problem with the Church’s wealth and its influence in society.
What did many people start to believe about the monasteries and nunneries?
That they were becoming too powerful.
Whose writing fuelled this changing attitudes towards the monasteries and the Catholic Church?
Martin Luther.
Who was Martin Luther?
A monk.
When did Martin Luther live?
1483-1546.
What did Martin Luther become increasingly angry with the clergy about?
Selling indulgences for sin, when people would give the priests money to get forgiveness for their sins.
What language did Martin Luther translate the bible into?
German.
What did Martin Luther’s translation of the bible cause?
His ideas to spread throughout Europe and start the Protestant Reformation.
Why was Henry VIII unhappy with the church despite being a devout Catholic?
He was un happy with the wealth and power of the church and saw the Pope as a competing power.
When was the Act of Supremacy?
1534
What did the Act of Supremacy do?
Henry made himself the head of the Church of England using it.
What 2 things did the Act of Supremacy mean for Henry VIII?
It have him full control and he no longer had to pay taxes to the Pope in Rome.
What law had Henry created with the help of Thomas Cromwell?
To make it treason to not accept Henry as the head of the Church.
Give an example of someone being killed as a result of Henry VIII’s new law:
Henry’s Lord Chancellor, Thomas More, was beheaded.
Give 5 facts about Thomas Cromwell:
-He was a blacksmith’s son
-He was well travelled
-He became part of Henry VIII’s court, soon becoming his most faithful servant
-He helped secure Henry’s divorce
-He helped make Henry wealthy again
What had Cromwell promised Henry?
That he would make him the richest king in Europe.
How much land did monasteries control in England?
They controlled a quarter of all the land in England.
What were the monasteries’ combined annual income of?
What was this in perspective of the king’s income?
£200,000
This was nearly double that of the king.
What act did Parliament pass in 1536?
An act closing all small monasteries that had an annual income of less than £200.
What did Cromwell set up which was an evaluation of monastery finances?
Valor Ecclesiasticus
Name the 4 reason why people were unhappy about Henry’s changes:
-Rising prices
-Changes to religion
-Landowners lost influence
-Cromwell’s Power
Why had landowners lost influence?
Many landowners who had been advisors to the king fell out of favour after the divorce. They had been supporters of Catherine and felt pushed out.
