The Organism In The Environment Flashcards
What are biological factors
Biological factors are factors effecting the abundance and distribution of organisms that are caused by other organisms, such as through competition for food
Describe a community
A community refers to all the populations of organisms that live in an area or ecosystem
Describe distribution of organisms
The spread of organisms in a area
What is ecology
Ecology is the study of living organisms
What is an ecosystem
An ecosystem is a fairly self contained area such as a lake or desert where all the organisms are contained
What is a habitat
A habitat is a small part of an ecosystem, where species live
What are physical features
Physical features are environmental features such as light, temperature and water that affect the abundance and distribution of organisms
What is a population
A population is all the organisms of one species living in the same habitat
What is a quadrat
A quadrat is a square frame used for sampling the abundance and distribution of organisms
What is biomass
Biomass is the mass of a living material, the mass of a living organism
What is a decomposer
A decomposer is an organism that causes decay of dead material, such as many fungi and bacteria
What is a primary consumer
A primary consumer is an animal that eats plants (a herbivore)
What is a producer
A producer is a organism that produces its own food such as a plant using alight energy to photosynthesise and produce glucose
What is a pyramid of biomass diagram
A pyramid of biomass is a diagram an which shows the biomass in different tropic levels of the food chain, often a pyramid as the later consumers are often larger
What is a pyramid of energy diagram
A pyramid of energy diagram shows the energy content of different tropic levels of he food chain, always a pyramid shape
What is a pyramid of number diagram
A pyramid of number diagram shows the number of individual organisms different tropic levels of a crook chain, often a pyramid shape
What is a secondary consumer
A secondary consumer is an mainland at eats the primary consumer
What is a tertiary consumer
A tertiary consumer is an animal that eats secondary consumers
What is a trophic level
A trophic level is a feeding level in a food chain or food web, such as producer, primary consumer…
What is the carbon cycle
The carbon cycle is the cycle of carbon thought different forms and the environment
What is combustion
Combustion is the burning of fossil fuels, puts carbon into the atmosphere
What is denitrifying bacteria
Denitrifying bacteria are solid bacteria that convert nitrates in the soil to nitrogen gas, releases nitrogen into the atmosphere
What are fossil fuels
Fossil fuels are fuels formed from organic material such as coal and oil, made from carbon
What is nitrifying bacteria
Nitrifying bacteria is bacteria in the soil which converts ammonium ions into nitrite ions. So that the nitrite ions can be converted into nitrate ions which plants can absorb the nitrates.
What is the nitrogen cycle
Th nitrogen cycle is the cycle of nitrogen through different forms, between living organisms and the environment
What are nitrogen fixing bacteria
Nitrogen fixing bacteria are found in the soil and leguminous plants, they convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonium
What is the water cycle
The water cycle is the cycle of water between living organisms and the environment
What is acid rain and what does it consist of
Acid rain is rain that consists of a higher concentration of acidic gasses. Gasses include sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, which cause rain to have a lower pH than normal
What is deforestation
Deforestation is the destruction of large areas of forest or woodland
What is the enhanced greenhouse effect
The enhanced greenhouse effect is am increase in greenhouse effect, most likely caused by the human activity, releasing greenhouse gasses
What is Eutrophication
Eutrophication is the addition of nutrients to water, which may lead to an algae bloom.
the algae bloom stops light reaching the plants in the bottom of the water (lake / river)
Plants can’t respire, no oxygen.
Plants and fish can’t aerobically respire, they die
What is global warming
Global warming is a warming of the Earths surface and atmosphere, possibly as a result of an enhanced greenhouse effect
What is the greenhouse effect
The greenhouse effect is the warming effect caused by greenhouse gasses in the atmosphere that prevent some of the heat energy radiated by he Earths surface for, escaping into space
What are greenhouse gasses
Greenhouse gasses are atmospheric gasses, such as carbon dioxide and water vapour, that trap some of the heat radiated from the earths surface and prevent it escaping into space
What is leaching
Leaching is when substances, such as Fertilisers are washed off the surface of the soil by rain
What is pollution
Pollution is damage to the environment, people and other organisms cause it, often as a result of adding chemicals to the air, water or land
What is sewage
Sewage is human waste, faeces and urine, which needs to be disposed of
What is soil erosion
Soil erosion is the washing away of soil as a result of rainfall when there is little vegetation to hold on to the soil
what is Meiosis
sexual division of cells, two parents, produces genetic varied cells (haploid cells used, (gametes) have only half the chromosomes of a cell [23 each])
what is Mitosis
Asexual division of cells, genetically identical, only requires one parent cell (diploid cells used, have 46 chromosomes in the cell used)
what are haploid cells
haploid cells are cells with only 23 chromosomes, used in sexual reproduction (a gamete)
what are diploid cells
diploid cells are cells with 46 chromosomes, 23 pairs, (in a healthy human cell there are 46 chromosomes)
