Nutrition Flashcards
What is a catalyst
A catalyst is a substance which increases the rate of a chemical reaction, whilst not being used to change the product
What is chemical digestion
Chemical digestion is the breakdown of large molecules to smaller molecules, using enzymes
What is Bile
Bile is a liquid, it is highly alkaline and is used to emulsify lipids
made in the liver but stored in the gall bladder
What is the chlorophyll
The chlorophyll is the green chemical in the chloroplast which catches light energy for photosynthesis.
What is the epidermis
The epidermis is the layer of cells on the outer surface of a body or organ, such as a leaf
Biological name for the remains after food digestion
Faeces
What does fibre do
Fibre aids digestion
By relaxing the muscles in the alimentary canal (tube the food passes through on the way to the anus from the mouth)
What is Ingestion
The taking of food into the alimentary canal (tube the food passes through on the way to the anus from the mouth)
What are Microvilli
Microvilli are tiny finger like extensions of the cell membrane of the surface cells of villi
What are minerals
Minerals are nutrients, used to make amino acids
What are Palisade cells
Palisade cells are in the upper part of a leaf and are where most of the photosynthesis is carried out
What is physical digestion
Physical digestion is the breakdown of large food pieces into smaller food pieces by physical means. Such as chewing with your mouth
What is the spongy mesophyll
The spongy mesophyll is the layer of cells under a leaf, they contain large air spaces to increase internal surface area to volume ratio.
What are stomata
Stomata are tiny holes on the surface of a leaf, which allow gasses to diffuse
What is Urea
Urea is a substance produced in the liver from the breakdown of amino acids, it is removed through excretion
