Living Organisms Flashcards
What 3 cell parts does a plant cell have that a animal cell doesn’t
- cell wall
- vacuole
- chloroplast
Characteristics of living organisms
'MRS H GREN' Movement Respiration Sensitivity Homeostasis Growth Reproduction Excretion Nutrition
What is homeostasis
The maintenance of a constant internal environment
Such as body temperature
And body water content
what is excretion
removal of waste products such as CO2 and Urea wee and respiration.
Not feseas,
define growth in a living organism
the percentage increase of the dry mass of an organism.
define nutrition
Taking of a substance used in the body as food
reproduction
production of a new organism
define respiration
Chemical process in which glucose is broken down releasing energy and CO2 and H2O
define sensitivity
the detection of change(stimuli) in the surroundings and its response those changes
chloroplast
convert light energy from the sun into useful sugars
what is the Mycelium
loads of Hyphae that form the body of a fungus
what is a Hypha
A single thread of fungal Mycelium, the plural is (Hyphae)
What is a Pathogen
What do Pathogens occur in
it is an organism that causes disease in other living organisms.
Pathogens occur in fungi, bacteria, protoctists and virus’
What is Saprotrophic nutrition
it is the digestion of dead food material outside of the body.
fungi does this to feed
how do plants store their carbohydrates
as starch or as sucrose
How do animals store carbohydrates
as glycogen
how do fungi store carbohydrates
as glycogen
what are Protoctists
Protoctists are microscopic, single-celled organisms
some feed off other organisms but some have a chloroplast and photosynthesise
what are bacteria
bacteria are microscopic, single-celled organisms.
They have a circular chromosome, they also have cell walls and a structure.
Most feed off other living organisms
what is a Virus
Infective particles, made from a protein coat surrounding a nucleic acid, they have no cell structure
they only reproduce when inside a cell or another organism
What is aerobic respiration in plants
glucose –> ethanol + carbon dioxide and energy
How do you test for respiration
X 2
- Put dead and live beans in test tube with hydrogen carbonate. In a dark room
The alive Beene will turn the hydrogen carbonate yellow from orange
… If there is a decrease in co2 the hydrogen will turn purple, this is a sign of photosynthesis - Put live beans and dead beans into thermos with thermometer in, live beans will increase in heat. Dead will not
What is vasodilation
The expanding of blood vessels to allow more heat to leave the body. Happens when body is cold
What is Vasoconstriction
Vasoconstriction is when blood vessels tighten/ become thiner to let less heat out.
Happens when body is cold
