Inheritance

Question 1

What is an allele

Answer 1

An allele is one form of a gene, which produces a characteristic

Question 2

What is antibiotic resistance

Answer 2

Antibiotic resistance is resistance to the effect of an antibiotic by bacteria

Question 3

What is a Base in DNA

Answer 3

A base is one of the molecules (adenine, thymine, cytosine and guanine) they join A with T and C with G

Question 4

What is a chromosome

Answer 4

A chromosome is a long DNA molecule found in a cell nucleus

Question 5

Define a clone

Answer 5

A clone is an individual that is genetically identical to other individuals. Dodo inane when both alleles for a gene are expressed in the phenotype. A daughter cell is produced by division of a parent cell.

Question 6

What is a diploid

Answer 6

A diploid cell is a cell which contains two sets of chromosomes
46 chromosomes

Question 7

What is DNA and what does it do

Answer 7

DNA is the chemical that forms chromosomes and carries the genetic code

Question 8

Describe the shape of DNA

Answer 8

Double Helix

Question 9

What is a family pedigree

Answer 9

A family pedigree is a diagram that shows the inheritance of different forms of characteristics through the generations within the family.

Question 10

What is the genetic code

Answer 10

The genetic code is the code formed by the order of the bases in DNA that instructs cells how characteristics should be produced

Question 11

What is a haploid cell

Answer 11

A haploid cell is a cell that contains only one set of chromosomes, such as gametes
23 chromosomes

Question 12

What is Heterozygous

Answer 12

Heterozygous is where the two alleles for a gene are different in the genotype

Question 13

What is homozygous

Answer 13

Homozygous is where the two alleles for a gene are the same in the genotype

Question 14

What is ionising radiation

Answer 14

Ionising radiation is radiation such as gamma rays, X Ray’s and ultraviolet radiation which can damage cells and produce mutations of genes

Question 15

What is meiosis

Answer 15

Meiosis is cell division which produces four haploid daughter cells, all genetically different, sexual

Question 16

What is Mitosis

Answer 16

Mitosis is the cell division that produces two identical diploid daughter cells, used for growth and repair, asexual

Question 17

What is a monohybrid cross

Answer 17

A monohybrid cross refers to the inheritance of a characteristic produced by one gene

Question 18

What is a mutagen

Answer 18

A mutagen is a chemical that produces mutations in genes

Question 19

What is a mutation

Answer 19

A mutation is a random change in a gene, producing a new allele/ characteristic

Question 20

What is natural selection

Answer 20

Natural selection is the influence of the environment on survival and reproduction, so that organisms with surviving easily characteristics reproduce offspring with the same, the other populations die off slowly

Question 21

What is a Phenotype

Answer 21

A Phenotype is the visible characteristics of an organism as a result of its genes. A punnet square is a form of genetic diagram.

Question 22

What is a punnet square

Answer 22

A punnet square is a form of a genetic diagram

Question 23

What are sex chromosomes

Answer 23

Sex chromosomes are the X and Y alleles in humans, XX for women, XY in men