The Orbit Flashcards
What ligaments act to restrict the movements of the medial and lateral recti of the eye?
The check ligaments
What forms the outer fibrous layer of the eyeball?
Sclera
Cornea
What is the role and innervation of the superior rectus?
Elevation, adduction and intorsion
Occulomotor CNIII
What structure of the eyeball is highlighted in this image?
Cornea
How is the aqueous humor of the eye recycled?
Drain back into the veins at the junction of the cornea and the sclera (the canal of Schlemm)
What is the role of the lacrimal nerve of CNV1?
Acts as a carrier for parasympathetic secretomotor fibres from the facial nerve (CN VII)
What is the blue bone?
Zygomatic bone
Where is the anterior chamber of the eye located?
Between the lens and cornea
Describe the location of the cranial nerves in the cavernous sinus
CN III, IV and V pass along the walls close to the dura
CN VI passes through the middle of the sinus close to the internal carotid artery
What is the function of the vitreous humor?
Supports the retina by pressing it to the choroid
What is the main nerve to the extraocular muscles?
Oculomotor nerve (CNIII)
Describe the process lubrication from the lacrimal gland?
Secretes a fluid to lubricate the eye and remove debris
Lies at the lateral edge of the orbit and releases tears onto the eye via tiny ducts
Wash across the eye and are gathered through the lacrimal punctum into the lacrimal canaliculi and then into the lacrimal sac
Describe the role of the tarsal plates of the eye
Physically protects the eye
Contains glands that release oily and watery secretions to lubricate the surface of the eye
What is the blood supply to the orbit?
Ophthalmic artery (a branch of ICA)
What structures support the corners of the eyelids?
The medial and lateral palpebral ligaments
What bone is shown in yellow?
Sphenoid bone
What is the role and innervation of the medial rectus?
Adduction
Oculomotor CNIII
What are the branches of the ophthalmic artery?
Forehead and scalp - supraorbital, supratrochlear, zygomaticotemporal
Nose - dorsal nasal and ethmoidal arteries
Describe the communications of the ophthalmic veins and the clinical significance of this?
Communicate with the cavernous venous sinus through the superior orbital fissure, with the pterygoid venous plexus through the inferior orbital fissure with the facial vein
Creates a potential spread of infection from the external structures to internal structures such as the dural meninges
What is the role and innervation of the inferior rectus muscle?
Depression, adduction and extorsion
Occulomotor CNIII