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Gross Anatomy 4 > Parotid Gland and Temporal Region > Flashcards

Parotid Gland and Temporal Region Flashcards

1
Q

What is the innervation of the muscles of mastication?

A

Mandibular branch of Trigeminal nerve (CN V3)

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2
Q

What are the attachments of medial pterygoid?

A

Superficial head - tubercle of maxilla
Deep head - medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate

Inserts into medial surface of the angle of the mandible

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3
Q

What is this muscle?

A

Masseter

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4
Q

What are the attachments of temporalis?

A

Temporal fossa and fascia

To the coronoid process and anterior border of the ramus of the mandible

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5
Q

What is the deepest structure of the parotid gland?

A

Auriculotemporal nerve - a branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V)

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6
Q

What are the divisions of Trigeminal Nerve (CN V)?

A

Ophthalmic
Maxillary
Mandibular

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7
Q

True or False?

All divisions of the Trigeminal Nerve (CN V) carry sensory and motor branches

A

False!

Only the mandibular has both
Ophthalmic and Maxillary divisions are purely sensory

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8
Q

What are the anterior branches of the external carotid artery?

A

Superior Thyroid
Lingual
Facial

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9
Q

What branch of CN V3 innervates the masseter?

A

Masseteric nerve from anterior division of CN V3

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10
Q

What is this muscles?

A

Temporalis

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11
Q

What are the 5 branches of the facial nerve (CN VII)?

A 
Temporal 
Zygomatic
Buccal 
Mandibular 
Cervical
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12
Q

What are the 4 muscles of mastication?

A

Temporalis
Masseter
Medial Pterygoid
Lateral Pterygoid

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13
Q

What forms the retromandibular vein?

A

Union of the superficial temporal and maxillary veins

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14
Q

What muscle does the posterior auricular branch of the facial nerve supply?

A

Posterior belly of Occipitofrontalis - a muscle of the scalp

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15
Q

What regions of the face does the parotid lymph nodes drain?

A

Parotid gland
Part of forehead
Oribital region

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16
Q

What are the attachments of masseter?

A

Zygomatic arch

To the lateral aspect of the ramus

17
Q

Describe what movements the different fibres of temporalis do?

A

Anterior and Superior fibres - elevate mandible

Posterior fibres - Retract mandible

18
Q

What movements does the medial pterygoid assist in?

A 
Elevations
Lateral chewing (with lateral pterygoids)
19
Q

Where does the parotid gland sit?

A

Lateral side of the face, passes from near the external auditory meatus inferiorly toward the mandible
Sits around 1 fingers breadth below the zygomatic arch

20
Q

What movements does the masseter muscle facilitate?

A

Elevation of the mandible

21
Q

What are the vessels that are found in the parotid gland?

A

Superficial temporal vein

External carotid artery

22
Q

Upon fibres of which nerve does the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) hitch a ride with to reach the parotid gland?

A

Trigeminal nerve - CN V

23
Q

What are the movements of the lateral pterygoid muscle?

A

Protrusion - pulls the neck of the mandible forwards with the articular disc (both sides)
Lateral chewing movements alongside medial pterygoid (one side)

24
Q

What are the terminal branches of the external carotid artery?

A

Superficial temporal artery

Maxillary artery

25
Q

What branches of CN V3 innervate temporalis?

A

Deep temporal nerves (x2) from the anterior division of CN V3

26
Q

What is the relationship of the facial nerve (CN VII) and the parotid gland?

A

Once the facial nerve exits skull it passes into the parotid gland
Divides the gland into a superficial and deep part before it divides into 5 branches that supply the muscles of facial expression

27
Q

What are the attachments of lateral pterygoid?

A

Upper head - infratemporal surface of greater wing of sphenoid
Lower head - lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate

Inserts into neck of mandible and the articular disc

28
Q

Describe the carrying action of the lingual nerve (branch of CN V3)

A

Lingual nerve is joined by chorda tympani carrying parasympathetic fibres from the facial nerve (CN VII) to the submandibular (ganglion) and sublingual glands
Provides taste to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue

29
Q

What are the movements of the mandible?

A

Elevation and Depression
Protrusion and Retrusion
Lateral Sliding

30
Q

What nerve supplies the parotid gland?

A

Glossopharyngeal Nerve - CN IX

31
Q

How does the parotid gland enter the mouth?

A

Pierces the Buccinator muscle and enters the oral cavity at the upper second molar

32
Q

What are the posterior branches of the external carotid artery?

A

Occipital
Posterior auricular
Ascending pharyngeal

Gross Anatomy 4 (14 decks)

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