The Larynx Flashcards
Describe the route taken by the recurrent laryngeal nerves?
Right - passes around the subclavian
Left - passes around the arch of the aorta
Ascends the neck, lying between the trachea and oesophagus, before passing under the inferior constrictor of the pharynx to meet the larynx
What is this muscle and its innervation?
Oblique arytenoid
Recurrent laryngeal branch of CN X
What cartilage is highlighted?
The arytenoid cartilage
What muscle is shown and what is its innervation?
Thyroarytenoid muscle
Recurrent laryngeal nerve of CN X
What is the arterial supply to the larynx?
Superior laryngeal
Superior thyroid
Inferior laryngeal
Inferior thyroid
What is D highlighting?
Rima Glottidis - the most posterior space between the vocal folds
What does the oblique arytenoid muscle do?
Pulls the arytenoid cartilages closer together, narrowing the gap between the vocal folds
What is the arrow indicating?
The laryngeal prominence - Adam’s apple
What is the role of the transverse arytenoid muscle?
Closes the rima glottidis
What is highlighted?
The epiglottis
What are the attachments of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle?
Posterior lamina of the cricoid cartilage to the muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage
What are the attachments of the cricothyroid muscle?
Cricoid cartilage to the lamina and the inferior cornu of the thyroid cartilage
What muscle is described as a sphincter of the laryngeal inlet?
Oblique arytenoid
What are the 2 types of muscles of the larynx?
Extrinsic - move the larynx as an entire unit
Intrinisc - move small components of the larynx
What type of cartilage forms the epiglottis?
Elastic cartilage
What is the lymphatic drainage of the larynx?
To paratracheal nodes then to deep cervical nodes
What is the role of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle?
Abduction of the vocal folds
What are the attachments of the transverse arytenoid muscle?
Posterior and medial surfaces of the arytenoid cartilages to the opposite arytenoid cartilage
What is the function of the cricothyroid muscle?
Tenses and elongates the vocal ligaments
Changes the pitch of sound created
What are the attachments of the thyroarytenoid muscle?
Attaches to the inner surface of the angle of the thyroid cartilage to the anterolateral surface of the arytenoid cartilages
What is this muscle and its innervation?
Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle
Recurrent laryngeal branch of CNX
What are the attachments of the oblique arytenoid?
Muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage to the apex of the opposite arytenoid cartilage
What is this muscle and its innervation?
Cricothyroid
External laryngeal branch of CN X
What is the role of the thyroarytenoid muscle?
Relax and shorten the vocal ligaments
Changes the pitch of sound produced
What is the venous drainage of the larynx?
Superior laryngeal and thyroid veins, drain into internal jugular vein on both sides
Inferior thyroid and laryngeal drain into the left brachiocephalic vein
What is the role of the larynx?
Producing sound which contributes to producing speech
What are the attachments of the lateral cricoarytenoid muscle?
Upper edge of the arch of the cricoid cartilage to the muscular process of the arytenoid cartilages
What cartilage of the larynx is highlighted?
The cricoid cartilage
What muscles attach to the thyroid cartilage?
Sternothyroid and Thyrohyoid
Inferior constrictor of the pharynx
What is the function of the lateral cricoarytenoid muscle?
Adduction of the vocal folds
What cartilage is shown?
Thyroid cartilage
What is this muscle and its innervation?
Transverse arytenoid
Recurrent laryngeal nerve of CN X
What is the largest cartilage of the larynx?
Thyroid cartilage
What cartilage is highlighted?
Corniculate - attaches to the aryepiglottic fold
What types of joints are present in the larynx?
Small plane synovial joints
What is this muscle and its innervation?
Lateral cricoarytenoid
Recurrent laryngeal branch CN X
What forms the false vocal cord?
The lower free edge of the quadrangular ligament
