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A level P.E Year 1 > The neuromuscular system 1.3 > Flashcards

The neuromuscular system 1.3 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 types of muscle fibres

A
  • slow oxidative
  • fast oxidative glycolytic
  • fast glycolytic
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2
Q

What is the slow oxidative muscle fibre also known as

A

type 1

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3
Q

What is the fast oxidative glycolytic muscle fibre also known as

A

type 2a

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4
Q

What is the fast glycolytic muscle fibre also known as

A

type 2x

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5
Q

What determines your type of muscle fibre

A

Genetics

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6
Q

What muscle fibre type do postural muscles tend to have

A

Slow twitch

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7
Q

Why do postural muscles tend to have slow twitch muscle fibres

A

they need to maintain the body position over a long period of time

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8
Q

What are the 2 types of fast twitch muscle fibres

A
  • Type 2a

- Type 2x

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9
Q

What is the contraction speed for type 1

A

slow (110)

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10
Q

What is the contraction speed for type 2a

A

Fast (50)

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11
Q

What is the contraction speed for type 2x

A

Fast (50)

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12
Q

What is the motor neuron size for type 1

A

small

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13
Q

What is the motor neuron size for type 2a

A

large

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14
Q

What is the motor neuron size for type 2x

A

large

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15
Q

What is the motor neurone conduction capacity for type 1

A

slow

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16
Q

What is the motor neurone conduction capacity for type 2a

A

fast

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17
Q

What is the motor neurone conduction capacity for type 2x

A

fast

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18
Q

What is the force produced for type 1

A

low

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19
Q

What is the force produced for type 2a

A

high

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20
Q

What is the force produced for type 2x

A

high

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21
Q

What is the fatigability for type 1

A

low

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22
Q

What is the fatigability for type 2a

A

medium

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23
Q

What is the fatigability for type 2x

A

high

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24
Q

What is the mitochondrial density for type 1

A

high

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25
Q

What is the mitochondrial density for type 2a

A

medium

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26
Q

What is the mitochondrial density for type 2x

27
Q

What is the myoglobin content for type 1

28
Q

What is the myoglobin content for type 2a

29
Q

What is the myoglobin content for type 2x

30
Q

what is the capillary density for type 1

31
Q

what is the capillary density for type 2a

32
Q

what is the capillary density for type 2x

33
Q

What is the aerobic capacity for type 1

34
Q

What is the aerobic capacity for type 2a

35
Q

What is the aerobic capacity for type 2x

36
Q

What is the anaerobic capacity for type 1

37
Q

What is the anaerobic capacity for type 2a

38
Q

What is the anaerobic capacity for type 2x

39
Q

What is the myosin ATPase/ glycolytic enzyme activity for type 1

40
Q

What is the myosin ATPase/ glycolytic enzyme activity for type 2a

41
Q

What is the myosin ATPase/ glycolytic enzyme activity for type 2x

42
Q

What are muscle fibres grouped into

A

motor units

43
Q

What does a motor unit consist of

A

Motor neurone and its muscle fibres

44
Q

Can a motor unit have different types of muscle fibres

A

No they’re all the same

45
Q

What do the muscle fibres work with to perform a contraction

A

Nervous system

46
Q

What does the motor neurone transmit and where to

A

nerve impulse to the muscle fibres

47
Q

What is the neuromuscular junction

A

Where the motor neurone and the muscle fibre meet

48
Q

What does each motor neurone have at its end

A

A neuromuscular junction`

49
Q

Will the muscles controlling eye movements have small or large motor units

50
Q

What is the all or none law

A

When the motor neurone stimulates the muscle fibre either all of them contract or none of them contract

51
Q

What is the minimum amount of stimulation required to start a contraction called

A

The threshold

52
Q

What happens if the sequence of impulses is equal to or more than the threshold

A

The muscle fibres in the motor unit will contract

53
Q

What happens if the sequence of impulses are less than the threshold

A

no muscle action will occur

54
Q

Can a motor unit have a fast twitch and slow twitch muscle fibre

A

No it has to be the same muscle fibre type

55
Q

For jogging, long-distance swimming what motor unit type will the brain recruit

A

Slow twitch motor unit

56
Q

For a greater contraction force like sprinting or power lifting what motor unit type will the brain recruit

A

Fast twitch motor units

57
Q

What is wave summation

A

Repeated activation of a motor neurone stimulating a given muscle fibre results in a greater force of contraction

58
Q

What is released each time a nerve impulse reaches a muscle cell

59
Q

What needs to be present for muscles to contract

60
Q

What is a tetanic contraction

A

Repeated nerve impulse leaving the muscles no time to relax causing calcium to build up producing a contraction

61
Q

How is the muscle contraction described in a tetanic contraction

A

Forceful, sustained, and smooth contraction

62
Q

What is spatial cummation

A

Impulses are received at the same time at different places on the neurone which add up to fire the neurone

63
Q

What size motor units does spatial summation activate

A

additional and bigger motor units within a muscle to develop more force

A level P.E Year 1 (31 decks)

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