the musculoskeletal system and analysis of movement in physical activities 1.4 Flashcards
What are the 3 different types of vertebrate in order from the neck down
- Cervical vertebrate
- Thoracic vertebrate
- Lumbar vertebrate
What is the skull’s scientific name
Cranium
What is the Jaw’s scientific name
Mandible
What is the collarbone’s scientific name
Clavicle
What are the 2 bones found in the forearm
- Radius
- Ulna
What are the 2 bones found on the lower leg
- Tibia
- Fibula
What are the 3 bones found in the foot
- Tarsles
- meta tarsles
- philangies
What’s the bone found on the heal
Talus
What’s the bone found on the upper arm
Humerus
What’s the scientific name for the shoulder blade
Scapula
What’s the bone that supports the knee joint
Patella
What are the bones found in the hand
- Carpels
- meta carpels
- philangies
What are the 3 bones found in the pelvic region from top to bottom
- Pelvis
- sacrum
- coccyx
What are the 3 different types of joints
Fibrous (fixed)
Cartilaginous (slightly movable)
Synovial (freely movable)
What’s an example of a fibrous joint
cranium
What’s an example of a cartilaginous joint
ribs
What’s an example of a synovial joint
- ball socket joints
- hinge joints
What joint type is the ankle
Hinge
What joint type is the knee
Hinge
What joint type is the hip
Ball socket
What joint type is the shoulder
Ball socket
What joint type is the elbow
Hinge
What are the articulating bones found at the ankle
- Talus
- Tibia
- Fibula
What are the articulating bones found at the knee
- femur
- tibia
What are the articulating bones found at the hip
- femur
- pelvis
What are the articulating bones found at the shoulder
- scapula
- humerus
What are the articulating bones found at the elbow
- radius
- humerus
- ulna
What is the agonist muscle responsible for
-creating movement at a joint
How does the agonist muscle create movement at a joint
Contracts and pulls the bone causing joint angle to reduce
What does the antagonist muscle do
Works in opposition to the agonist
Agonist and antagonist muscle for elbow flexion
- Bicep (agonist)
- tricep (antagonist)
Agonist and antagonist muscle for elbow extension
- triceps (Agonist)
- bicep (antagonist)
Agonist and antagonist muscle for ankle dorsi-flexion
- Tibias anterior (Agonist)
- gastrocnemius (antagonist)
Agonist and antagonist muscle for ankle plantar flexion
- gastrocnemius (agonist)
- tibias anterior (antagonist)
Agonist and antagonist muscle for flexion at the knee
- Hamstring (agonist)
- quadriceps (antagonist)
Agonist and antagonist muscle for extension at the knee
- Quadriceps (agonist)
- Hamstrings (antagonist)
Agonist and antagonist muscle for hip flexion
- iliopsoas (agonist)
- gluteus maximus (antagonist)
Agonist and antagonist muscle for hip flexion/ hyper-extension
- Gluteus maximus (agonist)
- iliopsoas (antagonist)
Agonist and antagonist muscle for Hip adduction
- Adductors (agonist)
- Tensor Fascia latae (TFL) (antagonist)
Agonist and antagonist muscle for hip abduction
- Tensor Fascia latae (TFL) (agonist)
- Adductors (antagonist)
Agonist and antagonist muscle for hip horizontal adduction
- adductors (agonist)
- tensor fascia latae (TFL) (antagonist)
Agonist and antagonist muscle for hip horizontal abduction
- Tensor fascia latae (TFL) (agonist)
- adductors (antagonist)
Agonist and antagonist muscle for Shoulder flexion
- anterior deltoid (agonist)
- latissimus dorsi (antagonist)
Agonist and antagonist muscle for Shoulder extension/ hyper-extension
- latissimus dorsi (agonist)
- anterior deltoid (antagonist)
Agonist and antagonist muscle for Shoulder horizontal abduction
- latissimus dorsi (agonist)
- pectorals (antagonist)
Agonist and antagonist muscle for Shoulder horizontal adduction
- pectorals (agonist)
- latissimus dorsi (antagonist)
Agonist and antagonist muscle for Shoulder abduction
- Posterior deltoid/ latissimus dorsi (agonist)
- middle deltoid/ supraspinatus (antagonist)
Agonist and antagonist muscle for Shoulder adduction
- middle deltoid/ supraspinatus (agonist)
- posterior deltoid/ latissimus dorsi (antagonist)
What is the sagittal plane
Divides body into right and left half’s
What is the frontal plane
Divides body into front and back
What is the transverse plane
Divides body into upper and lower halfs
What is the transverse axis
Runs from side to side across the body
What is the sagittal axis
Runs from front to back
What is the longitudinal axis
Runs from top to bottom
What movements occur in the sagittal plane and transverse axis
- Flexion, extension
- plantar flexion, dorsi flexion
- hyper extension
What movements occur in the frontal plane and sagittal axis
Abduction adduction
What movements occur in the transverse plane and longitudinal axis
Horizontal abduction, horizontal adduction
define agonist
Muscle responsible for the movement
Define antagonist
Muscle that works in opposite to the agonist
Define concentric contraction
Muscle contracts to create movement
Define eccentric contraction
Muscle lengthens under tension
Define isometric contraction
muscle under tension.contracting but there’s no movement
muscle contraction type at deltoid during the crucifix position
Isometric
muscle contraction type at tricep during the downward phase of a press up
eccentric
Muscle contraction type at tricep during the upward phase of a press up
concentric
Muscle contraction type at pectoralis major during the upward phase of a press up
concentric
Muscle contraction type at pectoralis major during the downward phase of a press up
eccentric
Muscle contraction type at the hamstring when bent preparing to kick a ball
concentric
Muscle contraction type at the quadriceps when straight kicking a ball
concentric
muscle contraction type at the pectoral during a forehand drive
Concentric
Muscle contraction type at the gastrocnemius when jumping for a rebound
concentric
Muscle contraction type at the Gluteals when jumping for a rebound
concentric
Muscle contraction type at the quadriceps during the downward phase of a squat
Eccentric
Muscle contraction type at the gastrocnemius during the downward phase of a squat
eccentric
Muscle contraction type at the gluteals during the downward phase of a squat
eccentric
Muscle contraction type at the quadriceps during the upward phase of a squat
Concentric
Muscle contraction type at the gastrocnemius during the upward phase of a squat
Concentric
Muscle contraction type at the Gluteals during the upward phase of a squat
Concentric