Psychological influences on the individual 6.1

Question 1

Simple definition of attitudes

Answer 1

It’s what you think about something

Question 2

sporting definition of attitudes

Answer 2

A value aimed at an attitude object

Question 3

5 reasons why attitudes are formed

Answer 3

• Socialisation
• behaviour is reinforced or repeated
• praise
• Reinforcement
• can be negative

Question 4

What are the 3 attitude components

Answer 4

Cognitive
Behavioural
affective

Question 5

What’s an easy way to remember the 3 attitudes components

Answer 5

• C
• A
• B

Question 6

What is the cognitive part of your attitude

Answer 6

You’re beliefs

Question 7

Sporting example of a cognitive attitude

Answer 7

Belief in the ability to win a game or competition

Question 8

What is the affective part of your attitude

Answer 8

Feelings and emotions of the individual and how these feelings are interpreted.

Question 9

Sporting example of affective attitude

Answer 9

It’s hard work but I enjoyed it

Question 10

What is the behavioural part of your attitude

Answer 10

What you do

Question 11

Sporting example of behavioural attitude

Answer 11

individual attends training and competes regularly

Question 12

What 3 things does persuasive communication rely on

Answer 12

• The messenger
• the recipient
• the message

Question 13

What about the messenger makes them persuasive

Answer 13

are they believable/held in high enough esteem

Question 14

What about the recipient makes the message persuasive

Answer 14

are they ready to receive the message

Question 15

What about the message makes it persuasive

Answer 15

is it something believable

Question 16

What is arousal

Answer 16

The state of general preparedness of the body for action, involving physiological and psychological factors

Question 17

What is physiological also know as (arousal)

Answer 17

Somatic

Question 18

What is psychological also known as (Arousal)

Answer 18

Cognative

Question 19

What are 7 somatic affects of arousal

Answer 19

• Increased HR
• Increased breathing rate
• Sweating
• Dry mouth
• Nausea
• Increased muscle tension
• Butterflies

Question 20

What are 7 Cognitive affects of arousal

Answer 20

• Increased focus and concentration
• Narrowing of attention
• Anxiety
• Negative self talk
• Insomnia
• Fear and anger
• Decreased reaction time

Question 21

What are the 3 theories of arousal

Answer 21

Drive theory
Catastrophe theory
Inverted U theory

Question 22

What is the equation for the drive thoery

Answer 22

P= f (D X H)

Performance is function of Drive X Habit

Question 23

Who came up with the drive theory

Answer 23

Hull in 1943

Question 24

What does the Drive theory state

Answer 24

Increased motivation causes increased drive

Question 25

If we have a higher Drive why will that increase our performance levels

Answer 25

More effort will be put into the performance

Question 26

How does performance increase as arousal increases in the drive theory

Answer 26

In a linear function

Question 27

What is the inverted U theory

Answer 27

Arousal levels have an optimum and if it’s over or under the performance won’t be as good

Question 28

Which level of performer can cope with the least amount of arousal

Answer 28

Cognitive

Question 29

Which level of performer can cope with the most amount of arousal

Answer 29

Autonomous

Question 30

Which personality type will have a lower level of arousal

Answer 30

Introvert

Question 31

Which personality type will have a higher level of arousal

Answer 31

Extrovert

Question 32

What’s the difference between the inverted U theory and the catastrophe theory

Answer 32

Instead of performance gradually decreasing as arousal levels get to high there is a dramatic drop in performance

Question 33

What does the catastrophe theory Propose

Answer 33

Performance is affected by the relationship between cognitive and somatic anxiety

Question 34

Can you process more or less information at a high arousal level

Answer 34

less

Question 35

Why do you process less information when at a high arousal level

Answer 35

So they can require a lower level of arousal to execute a complex skill

Question 36

Does a simple skill need more or less decision making

Answer 36

Less

Question 37

Can a simple skill be executed well at high arousal levels

Answer 37

Yes

Question 38

What is somatic anxiety

Answer 38

Physiological anxiety

Question 39

What is cognitive anxiety

Answer 39

Psychological anxiety

Question 40

In the catastrophe theory What happens after arousal peaks at optimum

Answer 40

Performance slumps (drops straight down)

Question 41

How does a player regain control after arousal levels slump

Answer 41

By reducing anxiety arousal and performance

Question 42

When can the performer recover from the drop in anxiety

Answer 42

If the initial cause of anxiety is mild and the performer has the time ton recover

Question 43

What does somatic anxiety cause

Answer 43

• Muscular tension

- increased heart rate

Question 44

What does cognitive anxiety cause

Answer 44

• Loss of concentration

- worries about performance

Question 45

How can performers find their zone of optimal performance

Answer 45

• Mental practice
• relaxation
• visualisation
• positive self-talk