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Block 5 ellen > The nervous system intro L4 > Flashcards

The nervous system intro L4 Flashcards

1
Q

Nervous system definition

A

The system of cells, tissues, and organs that regulate the body’s response to internal and external stimuli

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2
Q

what does communication happen via

A

Electrochemical impulses

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3
Q

3 broad points of nervous system

A

Responds quickly
Short lived
usually reversible effects

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4
Q

2 anatomical divisions

A

central nervous system

peripheral nervous system

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5
Q

3 physiological divisions

A

somatic
autonomic
enteric

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6
Q

What does sensory (afferent) do?

A

collect information from internal and external environment

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7
Q

2 sections sensory can be split into

A

Unconscious vs conscious

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8
Q

The unconscious sensory section can be split into;

A

proprioceptive

Interoceptive

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9
Q

what does proprioceptive mean

A

pick up stimuli related to position and vibration

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10
Q

What does interoceptive mean

A

Picks up stimuli from the organs

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11
Q

What can the sensory conscious section be split into

A

proprioceptive (inc kinaesthetic)

Exteroceptive

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12
Q

What do kinaesthetic receptors do

A

touch perception of shape and consistency

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13
Q

What are exteroceptive receptors split into

A

telereceptors

Somatic receptors

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14
Q

Telereceptors=

A

stimuli from afar not touching us

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15
Q

Somatic receptors=

A

exterior -> touch, temperature, pain

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16
Q

2 main terms of sensory

A

somatic afferents

Visceral afferents

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17
Q

What are visceral afferents

A

internal stimuli

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18
Q

second role of the sensory system

A

integrate, interpret & assess the collected information

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19
Q

Motor (efferent) role (2)

A

Produce an effect in response to stimuli (conscious)

regulate the internal environment in response to stimuli

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20
Q

What is the functional unit of the nervous system

A

neuron

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21
Q

In the CNS what is grey matter

A

cortex, horns, nuclei

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22
Q

In CNS what is white matter

A

Tracts

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23
Q

In the PNS what is ganglia

A

collection of cell bodies

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24
Q

Three types of neurons

A

multipolar neurons
bipolar neurons
unipolar

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25
Q

^mid brain anterior=

A

rostral

26
Q

^mid brain posterior=

A

caudal

27
Q

^mid brain superior=

A

dorsal

28
Q

^mid brain inferior=

A

ventral

29
Q

below mid brain anterior=

A

ventral

30
Q

below mid brain posterior=

A

dorsal

31
Q

below mid brain superior=

A

rostral

32
Q

below mid brain inferior=

A

caudal

33
Q

what are the connective tissue membranes encasing the CNS called

A

Meninges

34
Q

First layer of meninges

A

Dura mater

35
Q

2nd layer of meninges

A

arachnoid mater

36
Q

3rd layer

A

Pia mater

37
Q

Potential space between bone and dura

A

extradural (epidural in spine)

38
Q

potential pace between the arachnoid and the dura

A

subdural

39
Q

What is subarachnoid

A

actual space filled with cerebrospinal fluid between arachnoid and pia

40
Q

Subpial =

A

potential space, really cerebral or spinal cord tissue filled

41
Q

Key difference of spinal meninges

A

epidural space not extradural

is now an actual space

42
Q

What is inside the epidural space

A

venus plexus

fat connective tissue

43
Q

What does the internal vertebra venus plexus do

A

drains the vertebral column

44
Q

where is grey matter found in the brain

A

the outside

45
Q

what are mounds of grey matter called

A

gyri

46
Q

What are grooves of grey matter called

A

sulci

47
Q

What grey matter is isolated in the inside of the brain

A

basal ganglia

48
Q

cerebrum=

A

large hemisphere overlapping on either side

49
Q

cerebellum=

A

back of brain

50
Q

telencephalon+ diencephalon=

A

prosencephalon

51
Q

Rhombencephalon=

A

hind brain

cerebellum

52
Q

denticulate ligaments=

A

elongated pia mater through the arachnoid mater

supportive function

53
Q

White matter in spinal cord is?

A

on the outside

54
Q

lateral horns are found in

A

thoracic and lumbar

55
Q

components of the PNS (6)

A 
cranial nerves
spinal nerves/roots
nerve plexuses & ganglia 
named nerves
myotomes/ dermatomes 
autonomic nerves
56
Q

what do plexuses do

A

help distribute nerves/axons

57
Q

how many spinal segments

A

33

58
Q

Plexuses components

A

cranial nerves
spinal nerves
nerve plexuses and root plexuses
named nerves

59
Q

What does each spinal segment produce

A

a single spinal nerve

60
Q

myotome=

A

area of muscle supplied by a single spinal segment

61
Q

dermatome=

A

area of skin supplied by a single spinal segment

62
Q

Are peripheral nerves normally mixed?

A

Yes

usually carry sensory, motor and autonomic components

Block 5 ellen (17 decks)

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