Testing muscle function L12

Question 1

The motor system can be divided into

Answer 1

pyramidal

extrapyramidal

Question 2

Where do most UMN of the corticospinal tract decussate

Answer 2

medulla

Question 3

Where do not many UMN of the corticospinal tract decussate

Answer 3

Level in the spinal cord

Question 4

Further inputs to the motor system=

Answer 4

pre-motor cortex
Cerebellum
Directly (spinal reflexes)

Question 5

LMN innervate

Answer 5

skeletal muscle

Question 6

Extrapyramidal system involved in

Answer 6

reflexes
balance/ co-ordination
postural control
fine control of complex movement

Question 7

UMN lesions are in

Answer 7

the brain or spinal cord

Question 8

UMN lesions result in

Answer 8

muscle weakness
increased muscle tone
Exaggerated reflexes
babinski

Question 9

LMN result in

Answer 9

muscle weakness
reduced muscle tone (flaccidity)
Diminished/ absent reflexes
muscle atrophy 
Fasciculation

Question 10

Extrapyramidal lesions (basal ganglia) =

Answer 10

Dystonia
Akathisia
Parkinsonism
Dyskinesia

Question 11

Dystonia=

Answer 11

continous spasms

Question 12

akathisia=

Answer 12

motor restlessness

Question 13

Parkinsonism=

Answer 13

rigidity, bradykinesia, tremor

Question 14

Dyskinesia=

Answer 14

irregular jerky movements

Question 15

Cerebellar lesions=

Answer 15

ipsilateral loss of coordination 
Past-pointing 
Disdiadochokinesia 
ataxic gate 
ect

Question 16

Disdiadochokinesia=

Answer 16

can’t change direction in movements)

Question 17

Causes of UMN lesions

Answer 17

Stroke
MS
Brain injury
Cerebral palsy

Question 18

Causes of LMN lesions

Answer 18

Bell’s palsy (C7)
Guillan- barre syndrome
Motor neuron disease

Question 19

Brown-sequards syndrome=

Answer 19

damage to one half of the spinal cord

Question 20

Brown- sequards causes—>

Answer 20

Loss of ipsilateral fine touch/ proprioception

Loss of contralateral pain/ temp

Question 21

Anterior cord syndrome –>

Answer 21

loss of pain/ temp

Preserved fine touch/ proprioception

Question 22

central cord syndrome–>

Answer 22

variable sensory loss

motor deficits greater in upper limb than lower

Question 23

Isometeric contraction

Answer 23

muscle activated held at a constant length

Question 24

isotonic contraction

Answer 24

contraction against natural resistance

Question 25

Isotonic contraction can be

Answer 25

concentric or eccentric

Question 26

Concentric=

Answer 26

shortening

Question 27

eccentric=

Answer 27

lengthening