The nervous system

Question 1

What is the CNS composed of?

Answer 1

brain and spinal cord

Question 2

What is the PNS composed of?

Answer 2

nerves, sensory receptors, and ganglia

Question 3

nerve cells
-basic functional unit of nervous system
-transmit messages via nerve impulses

Answer 3

neurons

Question 4

supporting cells
-astrocytes
-digodendrocytes
-microglial cells
-ependymal cells

Answer 4

neuroglia

Question 5

-most abundant
-control chemical environment around neuron
-capillary-neuron exchanges
- can supply nutrients to neurons and cells which establish blood-brain barrier

Answer 5

astrocytes

Question 6

-defensive cells
-phagocytic-engulf pathogens and cellular debris

Answer 6

microglial cells

Question 7

-line ventricles, production and regulation of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF)
-cilia circulate CSF

Answer 7

ependymal cells

Question 8

-form myelin sheath on CNS axons
-needed for insulation
-action potential (AP) propagation
-schwann cells in PNS

Answer 8

oligodendrocytes

Question 9

precursors to skeletal muscle cells

Answer 9

satellite cells

Question 10

-myelin forming cells of PNS
-insulation and AP propagation

Answer 10

schwann cells

Question 11

receptive region

Answer 11

cell body (soma)

Question 12

cytoskeleton

Answer 12

neurofibrils

Question 13

clusters of rough er

Answer 13

chromatophilic substance

Question 14

receptive regions for neurotransmitters

Answer 14

dendrites

Question 15

-conducting regions
-impulse generation

Answer 15

axons

Question 16

site of neurotransmitter release

Answer 16

axon terminal

Question 17

where signals propagate before action potential is initiated

Answer 17

axon hillock

Question 18

formed between neuron and its target

Answer 18

synapse

Question 19

small gap between axon terminals and target where neurotransmitters are released

Answer 19

synaptic cleft

Question 20

-fatty, insulating material
-surrounds axons

Answer 20

myelin

Question 21

gaps in between myelin sheaths

Answer 21

nodes of ranvier

Question 22

has 1 small process

Answer 22

unipolar

Question 23

• has 2 processes attached to cell body
• eye, ear, olfactory nerves

Answer 23

bipolar

Question 24

has multiple dendrites, single axon

Answer 24

multipolar

Question 25

sensory neurons
-from body to CNS
AWAY FROM BODY

Answer 25

afferent

Question 26

motor neurons
-from CNS to body
EXITING FROM CNS

Answer 26

efferent

Question 27

-help to connect neurons
-help to transmit signals

Answer 27

interneurons

Question 28

for CNS bundles of axons are called

Answer 28

tracts

Question 29

for PNS bundles of axons are called

Answer 29

nerves

Question 30

delicate connective tissue surrounding axon addition to myelin sheath

Answer 30

endoneurium

Question 31

bundles axons together to form fascicles

Answer 31

perineurium

Question 32

white fibrous tissue, binds fascicles together

Answer 32

epineurium