Skeletal System Overview

Question 1

-hard and dense
-located deep to periosteum
-surrounded by dense, irregular connective tissue membrane
-supplied w/ blood vessels and nerves
-composed of repeating microscopic units called osteons

Answer 1

compact bone

Question 2

Skeletal system functions

Answer 2

-support
-protection
-attachment for muscles
-storage of fat and minerals
-formation of blood cells (hematopoiesis)

Question 3

compact bone is made up of repeating microscopic units called

Answer 3

osteons

Question 4

-located deep to compact bone
-composed of irregularly beams called trabeculae
-has many open spaces that house red bone marrow

Answer 4

spongy bone

Question 5

the axial skeleton is composed of

Answer 5

-skull
-vertebral column
-bong thorax

Question 6

the appendicular skeleton is composed of

Answer 6

-limbs (and what they are composed of)
-pectoral girdle
-pelvic girdle

Question 7

long bone

Answer 7

longer than they are wide; majority of bones in appendicular skeleton

Question 8

flat bone

Answer 8

thin, plate-like
- sternum, most skull bones

Question 9

sesamoid bone

Answer 9

develop within tendons
-patella

Question 10

short bone

Answer 10

cube-shaped
- wrist bones (carpals), ankles (tarsals)

Question 11

irregular bone

Answer 11

bones that don’t fit into other categories
- vertebrae, coxal bones

Question 12

bone markings (types of)

Answer 12

-projections
-holes
-ridges
depressions

Question 13

bone markings (def)

Answer 13

-surfaces where bones meet to form joints with other bones
-serve as passageways for blood vessels and nerves

Question 14

epiphyses

Answer 14

-enlarged ends of long bones
-contain a thin, outer layer of compact bone surrounding a spongy bone interior
- often filled with blood cell-producing red bone marrow

Question 15

diaphysis

Answer 15

-shaft of bone
- thick collar of compact bone surrounded by a central medullary cavity

Question 16

-anchored to bones surface via sharpey’s fibers
-has a rich supply of nerves, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels

Answer 16

periosteum

Question 17

-forms inner lining of diaphysis
-covers trabeculae of spongy bone
-lines central (haversian) canals of compact bone

Answer 17

endosteum

Question 18

-between epiphysis and diaphysis
-mark sites where bands of actively dividing hyaline cartilage were once located in growing bones
-no longer visible in adulthood
-articular cartliage

Answer 18

epiphyseal lines

Question 19

rounded end of a bone that articulates with another bone

Answer 19

condyle

Question 20

ridge or projection

Answer 20

crest

Question 21

round projection from a bone’s epiphysis

Answer 21

head

Question 22

small, rounded bony projecting; tuberosity is a large tubercle

Answer 22

tubercle and tuberosity

Question 23

small projection usually proximal to a condyle

Answer 23

epicondyle

Question 24

prominent bony projection

Answer 24

process

Question 25

sharp process

Answer 25

spine

Question 26

outgrowth from a bone

Answer 26

protuberance

Question 27

larger projection found only on femur

Answer 27

trochanter

Question 28

long, narrow ridge

Answer 28

line

Question 29

shallow convex or concave surface where 2 bones articulate

Answer 29

facet

Question 30

indentation in a bone into which another structure fits

Answer 30

fossa

Question 31

shallow pit

Answer 31

fovea

Question 32

long indentation along a narrow structure travels

Answer 32

groove (sulcus)

Question 33

tunnel through a bone

Answer 33

canal (meatus)

Question 34

narrow slit in a bone or between adjacent parts of bones

Answer 34

fissure

Question 35

hole in a bone

Answer 35

foramen (foramina)