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Biology > The nature and variety of living organisms > Flashcards

The nature and variety of living organisms Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what are the 8 characteristics that living organisms share the following characteristics.

A

movement
respiration
sensitivity- respond to their surroundings
control their internal conditions
growth
Reproduction
excretion
nutrition

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2
Q

list the Eukaryotic organisms

A

plants
animals
fungi
Protoctists

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3
Q

list the Prokaryotic organism

A

Bacteria and viruses

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4
Q

what are the difference between prokaryotic organisms and Eukaryotic

A

prokaryotic- No nucleus, no membrane
Eukaryotic- Nucleus, membrane

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5
Q

Describe the features of a plant

A

Multicellular
contains chloroplast
able to carry out photosynthesis

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6
Q

What do plant cell walls contain

A

cellulose

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7
Q

what do plants store carbohydrates as

A

Starch and sucrose

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8
Q

what are examples of plant organism

A

Flowering plants, such as cereal (for example maize)
herbaceous legume (peas and beans)

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9
Q

is a animal cell multicellular or unicellular

A

Multicellular

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10
Q

why do animal cells not need chloroplast

A

because they do not need to perform photosynthesises

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11
Q

what do animal organisms store carbohydrates

A

glycogen

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12
Q

what does an animal cell not contain

A

chloroplast
cell wall

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13
Q

what process can animal cells not perform

A

unable to carry out photosynthesis

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14
Q

animal cells usually have…… and are…….

A

usually have nervous coordination
able to move from one place to another

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15
Q

examples of animals

A

mammals (humans)
insects (housefly and mosquito)

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16
Q

what are fungi organisms cell walls made out of

A

chitin

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17
Q

what is fungi carbohydrate store

A

some glycogen

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18
Q

is fungi multicellular or singular cell

A

both

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19
Q

how does fungi gain nutrition

A

saprotrophic release enzymes
- absorbs products

20
Q

examples of fungi

A

yeast- singular celled
Mucor- typical fungal hyphal structure

21
Q

my body is usually organised into a mycelium made from thread- like structures called hyphae. Which contain many nuclei. What am I?

A

fungi structure

22
Q

Is Protoctista singular celled?

A

yes

23
Q

what do Amoeba have features like

A

animal cells

24
Q

where do Amoeba live

A

live in pond water

25
Q

what is chlorella like

A

plant cells

26
Q

what do chlorella have

A

Chloroplast

27
Q

what are amoeba and chlorella

A

Examples of protoctists

28
Q

what is a pathogenic example of a protoctists and what is it responsible for.

A

Plasmodium- responsible for causing malaria

29
Q

what does a bacteria organism have

A

cell wall
cell membrane
cytoplasm
plasmids
circular chromosome of DNA (loop of DNA)

30
Q

What kind of cell is bacteria

A

single celled
prokaryotic organism

31
Q

what don’t bacteria have

A

nucleus

32
Q

how do bacteria acquire there nutrients

A

some bacteria carry out photosynthesis
but most feed of other living or dead organisms

33
Q

examples of bacteria

A

lactobacillus bulgaricus
rod-shaped bacterium

34
Q

what is lactobacillus used for

A

production of yoghurt from milk

35
Q

what does pneumococcus cause and describe it’s structure

A

a spherical bacterium that acts as the pathogen causing Pneumonia

36
Q

what is a pathogen

A

type of microorganism like a virus, bacteria, or parasite that can cause disease in living organisms

37
Q

examples of pathogens

A

virus
fungi
bacteria
Protoctista

38
Q

what is an example of a non- living organism

A

viruses

39
Q

where do viruses reproduce

A

Inside living cells

40
Q

what don’t viruses have

A

cellular structure

41
Q

what do viruses have

A

protein coat
contain nucleic acid either RNA or DNA

41
Q
A
42
Q

what are influenza virus

A

viruses that cause flu and HIV that can cause AIDS

43
Q

what do tobacco mosaic viruses cause

A

The prevention of chloroplast in tobacco plants

44
Q

What does the prevention of chloroplast cause in tobacco plants

A

discolouring of leaves

Biology (16 decks)

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