FWAQ Flashcards
What are possible effects of a blood condition
Less haemoglobin
less transport of oxygen
Less energy
Tried out of breath
Anaerobic respiration
producing lactic acid
what is an allele
Different variation of a gene
Explain how a breeder could use a cross to determine the genotype of a short haired guinea pig
Cross with long haired
If SS is homozygous all offspring short haired
If Ss heterozygous some long haired
Describe natural selction
Mutation
Variation
increased survival
reproduce
more likely to pass allele/gene to offspring
Explain why the actual response time is different from the time taken for a nerve impulse to travel 180cm
response time slower
delay between neurones
includes time to generate impulse in receptors
chemical diffusion
neurotransmitters
between synapses
what are two ways bacteria obtain nutrients
photosynthesis
Saprotrophic
Instead of a nucleus what do Bacteria have
A circular chromosome of DNA
What are bacteria’s small circles of DNA called
Plasmids
Describe how yeast used to produce bread
Yeast respires aerobically
Then yeast respires anaerobically (fermentation)
converts starch to maltose
maltose to glucouse
using amylase and maltase
release carbon dioxide
causes bread to rise
traps bubbles
explain why selective breeding crop plants is easier and quicker than selective breeding farm animals
easier to control plants environments
Self pollinated
quicker to develop than animals
plants produce many more (more yeild)
Describe selective breeding
select desired characteristic of female
Select desired characteristic of male
breed them together
select best offspring
repeat for many generations
Describe the production of adrenaline and it’s effect on the body
Produced in the adrenal gland
Increased Heart rate
Increased Breathing rate
Prepares the body for flight
Increased Blood flow to muscles
converts glycogen into glucouse
increases blood glucouse
pupils dilate
Reactions are faster
Describe the role of the placenta in reproduction
allows diffusion
provides oxygen, glucouse, amino acids, nutrients, vitamins, minerals
provides antibodies
MUST STATE examples of waste removes waste products- removes carbon dioxide, urea
secretes hormones, progesterone, oestrogen
Describe three differences between the nervous system and the hormonal system
Nervous
- transported by electrical impulses
- nerve cells
- Short period of time
- goes to target cells only
Hormonal
- Plasma, transported in the blood
- Chemical
- All around the body
- Longer lasting
How can you measure the rate of gas production in this experiment
Use collect gas in measuring cylinder/ gas syringe
measure volume
Why is the median used rather than the mean
Median used as each age has wide range less affected by anomalies
Explain what is meant by the term immune response
response to pathogens
by white blood cells, phagocytes and lymphocytes
antibodies produced
What is the name of the type of genetic control where many genes control one phenotype
Polygenic
