stem cells Flashcards

1
Q

what is a stem cell

A

A stem cell is an undifferentiated cell of an organism that can divide to produce many more cells of the same type

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2
Q

What is the process of differentiation

A

Stem cells can develop into other types of cells through differentiation

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3
Q

what are the two different types of stem cells in animals

A

Embryonic stem cells

Adult stem cells

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4
Q

What is the use of an Embryonic Stem cells

A

they help form all different tissues and organs needed during development of a whole new individual

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5
Q

What is the use of an adult cell

A

They can only differentiate to produce a few different cell types

they are predominantly used to replace cells lost through damage or to produce new cells for growth

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6
Q

What is the benefit of embryonic stem cells

A

Have the potential to grow into any kind of cell

possibly useful in medical treatment of diseases

repair damaged organs by growing new tissue from stem cells

e.g making cells that produce insulin for people with diabetes

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7
Q

what is an example of an adult stem cell and the benefits

A

Blood cells
used to replace faulty blood cells in sick people

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8
Q

Where do adult cells come from

A

Bone marrow

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9
Q

Where do embryonic stem cells come form

A

Embryo

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10
Q

where are plant stem cells found

A

In meristem tissue

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11
Q

what are meristem cells

A

They are unspecialised cells that can differentiate into the cells needed by the plant in regions where growth is occurring

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12
Q

what are plant stem cell used for

A

Clone plants with desired characteristics

useful if plants had resistance to a particular disease

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13
Q

what are the dangers of stem cells

A

Stem cells grown in the lab may become contaminated with a virus which could be passed onto the patient and make them sicker

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13
Q

What are Adult stem cells beneficial for and give an example

A

Medical treatment

Treat some diseases such as Leukaemia

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14
Q

Why are some people against stem cell research

A

human embryos shouldn’t be used for experiments since each one is a potential life

(unethical)

scientist should concentrate more on finding and developing other sources of stem cells , so people could be helped without having to use embryos

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