Reproduction/hormones/Inheritance

Question 1

What is the role of oestrogen

Answer 1

Stimulates the thickening of uterus lining

stimulates the production of LH

Question 2

What is the function of progesterone

Answer 2

Maintains the uterus lining inhibits (stops) FSH and LH

Question 3

where is oestrogen produced in the body

Answer 3

Ovaries

Question 4

What is the role of FSH in the menstrual cycle

Answer 4

stimulates development of the folicle
egg development
surged ovulation

Question 5

Where is progesterone produced in the body

Answer 5

Ovaries

Question 6

What is the role of LH in the menstrual cycle

Answer 6

Surges to stimulate ovulation

Question 7

where is LH and FSH produced in the body

Answer 7

Pituiarty gland

Question 8

What does FSH stand for

Answer 8

Follicle stimulating hormone

Question 9

what does LH stand for

Answer 9

Luteinizing Hormone

Question 10

What is the order of the hormones on the graph

Answer 10

Oestrogen
LH
FSH
Progesterone

Question 11

What is the role of the placenta in nutrition of the developing embryo

Answer 11

glucose and oxygen diffuse across to allow respiration to occur

Question 12

what is the job of the amniotic fluid

Answer 12

protects foetus from jolts and bumps

keeps temperature fairly constant

high heat capacity so requires lots of energy to move the temperature either way

Question 13

what is asexual reproduction

Answer 13

• mitosis
• involves only one parent
• the offspring have identical genes
• no genetic variation

Question 14

explain mitosis

Answer 14

• growth and repair
• one cell division
• 2 daughter cells
• Diploid
• Occurs everywhere but the sex organs
• no genetic variation

Question 15

how does mitosis occur

Answer 15

• is when a cell reproduces itself by splitting
• to form two cells with identical sets of chromosomes

-

Question 16

what is sexual reproduction

Answer 16

Meiosis
- genetic information from two organisms (a father and Mother)

• produces genetically different cells
  genetic variation
• produces gametes (sperm and egg cells)

Question 17

what are gametes

Answer 17

Sex cells (egg and sperm)

Question 18

how many chromosomes does each gamete have

Answer 18

23 chromosomes
haploid

Question 19

what does sexual reproduction involve

Answer 19

fusion of the male and female gametes

because there are two parents the offspring contain a mixture of their parents genes

Question 20

what is meiosis features

Answer 20

• produces gametes
• 2 cell divisions
• 4 daughter cells
• haploid
  -genetically different
• occurs in sex organs

Question 21

what is an alleles

Answer 21

different versions of the same gene

Question 22

what is Heterozygous

Answer 22

a trait which you have two different alleles

eg (Dd)

Question 23

what is homozygous

Answer 23

a trait which you have two alleles are the same

e.g ( AA) or (aa)

Question 24

what is genotype

Answer 24

the combination of the two alleles that an individual has

letters

Question 25

What is Phenotype

Answer 25

observable characteristics - the characteristics of the allele produced) e.g ( brown eyes, female, male, blue eyes, ginger hair) words

Question 26

what is the dominant and recessive allele

Answer 26

dominant- allele is always expressed in the phenotype Recessive- allele is only expressed in the phenotype when they have 2 copies

Question 27

what causes discontinuous variation

Answer 27

genetic variation

Question 28

What causes continuous variation

Answer 28

Features often vary because of a combination of genetic and environmental causes

Question 29

what is phenotypic variation

Answer 29

Is the variability in the phenotype that exists in a population because of genetic variation and environmental factors

Question 30

describe the structure/features of insect pollinated flowers

Answer 30

stamen- enclosed within the flower stigma- Enclosed within the flower ( so insect must make contact) type of stigma- Sticky so pollen grains attach to insect Size of petals- big to attract insect colour of petals - bright to attract insect Nectary- sweet to attract insects Pollen grains- large, sticky, hooks

Question 31

describe the structure/features of Wind pollinated flowers

Answer 31

Stamen - exposed to win Stigma- exposed to catch pollen blowing in the wind Type of stigma- feathery to capture pollen Size of petals- small Colour of petals- dull no need to attract insects ( usually green) Nectary- none Pollen grains, smaller smooth, inflated grains to carry in the wind

Question 32

what are two ways Plants reproduce asexually

Answer 32

Runners cuttings

Question 33

what are the steps for cloning

Answer 33

- artificial method - cutting 1. Gardeners can take cuttings from good plants and then plant them to produce genetically identical copies 2. These plants can be produced quickly and cheaply

Question 34

what are the steps to Runners

Answer 34

strawbwerries 1. the parent strawberry plant send out runners - fast growing stems that grow out sideways, just above the ground 2. runners take root at various points ( as short distance away) a new plant grows 3. The new plants are clones of the plant ( genetically identical)

Question 35

What is the definition of Haploid

Answer 35

cell only contains one of each chromosome(23)

Question 36

What is the definition of Diploid

Answer 36

Cell contains two of each chromosome (46)