Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science Year 9 > The menstrual cycle > Flashcards

The menstrual cycle Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the menstrual cycle?

A

The menstrual cycle is a recurring process in women which takes about 28 days.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What gland is FSH released by?

A

FSH is released by the pituitary gland.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where are the eggs produced?

A

The eggs are produced in the ovaries.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the difference between sperm and egg production?

A
  • Eggs are there since birth.

- Sperm are produced at puberty.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the uterus?

A

The uterus, known as the womb, is where the fertilised egg develops.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the cervix/the function?

A
  • A ring of muscle at the lower end of uterus.

- Keeps the baby in place whilst pregnant.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is menstruation?

A

Menstruation is the loss of blood and tissue from the lining of the uterus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does FSH do?

A
  • Causes egg to mature in ovary follicle.

- Stimulates ovaries to release oestrogen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does oestrogen do?

A
  • Stops production of FSH (only one egg matures.)
  • Repairs/ thickens uterus
  • Stimulates production of LH from pituitary gland
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does LH do?

A
  • Triggers ovulation (to release the mature egg.)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where is progesterone released from and what does it do?

A
  • Produced in the ovaries: corpus luteum.
  • Progesterone keeps the uterus thick for pregnancy.
  • Stops production of FSH and LH.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the placenta?

A

The placenta is the organ that allows transfer of nutrients between the baby and mother.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does the placenta produce if the woman is pregnant?

A
  • The placenta produces progesterone if the woman is pregnant- maintains lining of uterus in pregnancy.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What happens to the progesterone levels when a woman has a period?

A
  • The progesterone levels decrease.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the relation of oestrogen and progesterone?

A
  • Oestrogen: thickens/ repairs the uterus lining.

- Progesterone: maintains this thick lining.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What happens on days 8-13 of the menstrual cycle?

A
  • Progesterone levels rise.

- Uterus lining thickens.

17
Q

On what day does ovulation take place?

A

Day 14.

18
Q

What happens when a woman is given FSH and LH for in- vitro fertilisation?

A
  • Her follicles will expand, eggs will mature.

- The mature egg will be released

19
Q

Give step to step of IVF.

A
  • Egg follicle maturation (stimulated by FSH.)
  • Egg cells released and are taken from the ovaries.
  • Sperm cells are taken from the man.
  • Egg and sperm cells combine in a petri dish.
  • One/ two healthy embryos are inserted into the uterus.
20
Q

Why does IVF increase the chances of someone getting pregnant?

A
  • IVF involves collecting eggs from woman’s ovaries by giving LH and FSH.
  • The sperm cell then fuses with these collected ovaries in a petri dish, for fertilisation to occur.
  • Then a few embryos are implanted in a uterus.
  • This high level of hormones increases the chances of people coming pregnant.
  • The fertilised cells are given time to develop.
  • Several embryos are implanted.
21
Q

Give three drawbacks of using hormones to increase fertility.

A
  • The success rate of IVF is very low and very expensive.
  • It can cause abdominal pain, dehydration, vomiting.
  • Multiple unexpected births can happen at once.
22
Q

What is the pituitary gland co-ordinated by?

A

Hypothalamus.

23
Q

How do oral contraceptive pills work?

A

Contain oestrogen/ progesterone which inhibit the production of FSH for the eggs to mature.

24
Q

Give two methods of contraception which form a physical barrier.

A
  • Femi-dom, put into vagina. (stops sperm entering the body so protects against diseases.)
  • Condom, put over penis to catch sperm (stops diseases being transmitted.)
25
Q

How long does an implant last and what is in it?

A
  • Progesterone, inhibits FSH and LH (egg maturation/ egg ovulation.)
  • Lasts a couple of years
26
Q

Why are coils better than femi- doms?

A
  • Coils are better than femi doms because they won’t rip, inserted by a professional and are 99.9% effective.

Science Year 9 (25 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions