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Science Year 9 > Cell structure and microscopy > Flashcards

Cell structure and microscopy Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

How big are animal cells?

A

Animal cells are between 0.01mm and 0.05mm.

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2
Q

How big are plant cells?

A

Plant cells are between 0.01mm and 0.1mm.

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3
Q

What is the smallest size a human eye can see?

A

0.05mm

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4
Q

What is another word for eyepiece lens?

A

Another word for an eyepiece lens is an ocular.

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5
Q

What is an objective lens?

A

The objective lens is the one closest to the specimen, has a very short focal length, and produces a greatly magnified image.

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6
Q

What is a compound microscope?

A

A compound microscope is one with two lenses, the objective lens, and the eyepiece lens.

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7
Q

What is the focal length?

A

The focal length is the distance from the centre of the lens to the focal point.

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8
Q

What is the lens used in a microscope called?

A

The lens in a microscope is called convex.

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9
Q

What is the eyepiece lens?

A

The eyepiece lens is the one at the top of a compound microscope. Larger focal length than the objective lens. Magnifies image produced by the objective lens.

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10
Q

What is meant by magnification?

A

Magnification is the amount that something has been scaled up when viewed in a microscope.

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11
Q

What is the most common magnification of an eyepiece?

A

The most common magnification of an eyepiece is x10.

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12
Q

What is the formula for finding the magnification of a microscope?

A

Magnification objective lens x magnification eyepiece lens.

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13
Q

What is the formula for working out the magnification of an image?

A

Size of image / real size of image.

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14
Q

What is the division of a nanometer as a fraction and standard form?

A

1/000,000,000 metre.

1x 10-9

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15
Q

What is the division of a micrometer as a fraction and standard form?

A

1/1,000,000 metre

1x 10-6

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16
Q

What is a micrograph?

A

A micrograph is a photo taken of a microscopic image.

17
Q

When is the coarse focus knob used?

A

The coarse focussed knob is used at low magnification.

18
Q

When is the fine focus knob used?

A

The fine focus knob is used at high magnification.

19
Q

Can the mitochondria be seen under a light microscope?

A

It can be seen but not in very good detail.

20
Q

What is the function of the nucleus?

A

The nucleus control’s cell’s activity and contains the genetic information.

21
Q

What is the function of the cytoplasm?

A

The cytoplasm is a jelly-like substance where most chemical reactions take place. Contains dissolved nutrients and salts.

22
Q

What is the function of the cell membrane?

A

The cell membrane controls substances coming in and out of the cell. It is permeable for some but not all substances.

23
Q

What is the function of the cell wall in plants?

A

The cell wall is made of cellulose and it strengthens the cell and supports the plant.

24
Q

What is the function of the chloroplast?

A

Chloroplast contains a green pigment called chlorophyll which absorbs sunlight to make glucose. Contains enzymes needed for photosynthesis.

25
Q

What is the function of the permanent vacuole?

A

Filled with cell sap to support the plant and keep it turgid.

26
Q

What is a prokaryotic cell?

A

A cell without a nucleus - DNA moves within the cytoplasm.

27
Q

What is a eukaryotic cell?

A

A cell that has a nucleus.

28
Q

What is a specialized cell?

A

A cell that has become differentiated to carry out a particular function.

29
Q

What does myelin do in a nerve cell?

A

Myelin insulates the axon which speeds up electrical impulses.

30
Q

What are synapses?

A

Synapses are junctions that allow impulses to be transmitted from one neuron to another.

31
Q

What does a condenser do in a light microscope?

A

A condenser converts the scattered light source into a converging beam.

Science Year 9 (25 decks)

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