Hormones Endocrine Flashcards
What does the thyroid do ?
Hormones released for growth and metabolic rate.
What hormone do the adrenal glands produce and what is this used for?
Adrenaline, used to prepare for fight or flight.
What hormone is released that tells the body how to deal with stress?
Cortical hormone
What does testosterone do ?
Produced by testes - main male reproductive hormone and stimulates sperm production, brings about changes in puberty.
What is a hormone ?
A chemical messenger produced in the glands and carried by the blood to specific organs in the body.
What is a target organ?
A target organ is an organ with receptor molecules on its surface which recognize a specific hormone and carry out a response.
Why is the pituitary gland known as the “master gland?”
Several hormones released in response to the body’s conditions.
These hormones can act on other glands to stimulate release of other hormones.
What is the anti-diuretic hormone/ where is it found?
- Produced by pituitary glands
- Target organ is the kidney.
- Control water content.
- Too little: Increases reabsorption of water by collecting ducts so less water is released in urine.
- Too much: decreases reabsorption if there is a lot of water so more is lost by urine.
Why does our body need water?
- To regulate temperature.
- Carry substances around the body.
- Remove waste substances.
- Involved in several chemical reactions.
What is adrenaline/ where is it found?
- Produced by adrenal glands.
- Several targets like the respiratory and circulatory system.
- Prepares for fight or flight
- Increases heart rate, the flow of blood to muscles.
- Increases the conversion of glycogen to glucose.
What is insulin/ where is it found?
- Produced in the pancreas.
- Target organ - liver ( where glycogen is stored.)
- Controlling glucose levels.
- Increases conversion of glucose to glycogen.
When is glucagon released by the pancreas?
- When there are low levels of glucose in the bloodstream.
- Increases the conversion of glycogen into glucose.
What is the role of the ovaries?
The ovaries produce oestrogen, which is involved in the menstrual cycle.
Where is glycogen stored?
- Muscle cells and liver.
