Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Body Logistics > The Liver > Flashcards

The Liver Flashcards

1
Q

What is the position of the liver in the body?

A

On the right side of the body, pushing up on the diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the surface structure of the liver?

A

Larger right lobe and smaller left lobe - separated by ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What vessels are attached to the hepatic portal vein?

A

All the veins of the GI tract drain into the hepatic portal vein

Superior mesenteric vein - small intestine + half of colon
Inferior mesenteric vein - rest of colon
Splenic vein - spleen, pancreas and stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How much bile is produced in the liver each day?

A

1l

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the function of the gallbladder?

A

Storage and concentration of bile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How is bile release controlled?

A

By hormones (e.g. CCK) - released on contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the function of the hepatic artery?

A

Supplies oxygenated blood to the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a portal system?

A

Two capillary systems in series

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are 2 examples of portal systems that exist in the body?

A

Hepatic portal system

Hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What vessel is found between the two capillary beds in the hepatic portal system?

A

Hepatic portal vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does the first capillary bed of the hepatic portal system supply? What is absorbed in to the blood here?

A

Blood to the intestines and stomach, where nutrients/toxins absorbed into blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does the second capillary bed of the hepatic portal system supply?

A

The liver

Nutrients and toxins absorbed in the first capillary bed, taken up by hepatocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does the hepatic portal vein contain?

A 
Water/electrolytes 
Carbohydrates 
Proteins
Hormones 
Toxins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is an example of a toxin found in the hepatic portal vein?

A

Ammonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does the liver do to ammonia?

A

Convert it to urea that is excreted in the urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does the hepatic portal vein NOT contain?

A

Lipids

Fat soluble vitamins

17
Q

How are lipids digested?

A

Digested by lipases and taken up by lymphatics

18
Q

What are some functions of the liver?

A

Storage - e.g. Iron and glycogen
Production - of albumin, glycogen, haemotopoiesis in foetus
Breakdown - of drugs, hormones, Hb, RBCs
Filtering - by Kupffer cells (macrophages)
Exocrine function - bile secretion
Endocrine function - produces angiotensin, thrombopoietin

19
Q

What are the main cells found in the liver?

A

Hepatocytes

20
Q

What type of cell renewal do hepatocytes show?

A

Very quick cell regeneration

21
Q

Blood is supplied to the liver by which two vessels?

A

Hepatic artery (25%) - from aorta

Hepatic portal vein (75%) - from gut

22
Q

What takes deoxygenated blood out of the liver?

A

The hepatic vein —-> inferior vena cava

23
Q

What repeating structures does the liver consist of?

A

Liver lobules

24
Q

How do the hepatic portal vein and hepatic artery supply blood to the liver?

A

Through passages called sinusoids towards a central canal

25
Q

By which cells of the liver is bile produced?

A

Hepatocytes

26
Q

Where does bile travel once it is produced by hepatocytes?

A

In the opposite direction to bile ducts through bile canaliculi

27
Q

What makes up a portal triad? Where is a portal triad positioned?

A

Hepatic portal vein
Hepatic artery
Bile duct

Around a lover lobule - surrounding a central vein

28
Q

What is the space of disse?

A

Exits between endothelium and hepatocytes - microvilli of hepatocytes extends into this space for increase SA

29
Q

What are Kupffer cells? Where are they found?

A

Macrophages found in the lining of sinusoids

30
Q

What are stellate cells?

A

Full of cytoplasmic vitamin A

31
Q

What happens to stellate cells in liver cirrhosis?

A

Turn into myofibroblasts –> liver fibrosis —> portal hypertension

Body Logistics (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions