Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Body Logistics > Connective & Adipose Tissue > Flashcards

Connective & Adipose Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

What does all connective tissue develop from?

A

Embryonic mesenchyme tissue.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are some examples of connective tissue?

A

Adipose, Blood, Cartilage, Bone, Lymphatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are some functions of connective tissue?

A

Storage.
Insulation.

Connects cells, tissues, organs etc.

Transportation.

Defence.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the basic composition of all CT? (3 things)

A

1) Cells
2) Fibres
3) Ground Substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the 3 types of fibres found in connective tissue?

A

Collagen.
Reticular.
Elastin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are some features of collagen fibres in CT?

A

Flexible, high tensile strength.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are some features of reticular fibres in connective tissue?

A

Provides a supporting framework/sponge. (Type of collagen)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are some features of elastin fibres in tissue?

A

Allows tissues to recoil after stretching.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the ground substance of CT?

A

A viscous, clear substance composed of proteoglycans. High water content.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a proteoglycan?

A

Makes up the ground substance.

Large macromolecule with a core protein and many bound GAGs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a glycosaminoglycan (GAG)? What are some of its features?

A

Long-chained polysaccharide

Attracts water to form a hydrated gel for rapid diffusion and resistance to compression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What makes up the extracellular matrix in CT?

A

Fibres and ground substance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the 2 types of CT proper?

A

Loose

Dense

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are some features of loose CT?

A

Many cells.
Sparse collagen fibres.
Abundant ground substance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a important function of loose CT?

A

Allows rapid diffusion of molecules so important role in transport.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are some features of dense CT?

A

Few cells.
Many collagen fibres.
Little ground substance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Nearly all of the cells in dense CT are…

A

Fibroblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are two types of dense CT?

A

Dense REGULAR CT

Dense IRREGULAR CT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Name 3 places loose CT is usually located and why?

A

Beneath epithelia - to facilitate diffusion.
Associated with the epithelium of glands.
Around small blood vessels.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How are collagen fibres arranged in dense regular CT?

A

Densely packed in parallel bundles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is found between bundles of collagen fibres in both regular and irregular dense CT?

A

Fibroblasts

22
Q

Where is dense regular CT found?

A

Tendons, Ligaments

23
Q

How are the collagen fibres in dense irregular CT arranged?

A

Arranged in bundles in various directions.

24
Q

Where is dense irregular CT found?

A

Submucosa of intestine. Deeper levels of dermis.

25
Q

Dense regular CT withstands stress in ….. direction(s)

A

1 direction

26
Q

Dense irregular CT withstands stress in ….. direction(s)

A

Multiple directions

27
Q

Cells found in CT can be categorised into which 2 categories?

A

Fixed and Wandering Cells.

28
Q

Give some examples of fixed cells in CT.

A

Fibroblasts.
Mast Cells.
Macrophages.
Adipocytes.

29
Q

Give some examples of wandering cells in CT.

A 
Leucocytes.
Plasma Cells. 
Monocytes.
Eosinophils.
Basophils.
30
Q

What is the function of fibroblasts?

A

Synthesises and secretes both the ground substance AND fibres of the ECM.

31
Q

In particular what organelle do fibroblasts have lots of and why?

A

RER.

For production of secretory vesicles of procollagen.

32
Q

What cells are responsible for the formation of scar tissue in the wound healing process?

A

Fibroblasts

33
Q

What cells are macrophages derived from?

A

Monocytes

34
Q

What does the cytoplasm of mast cells contain?

A

Abundant granules of histamine and heparin.

35
Q

Mast cells are particularly found in mast cells where?..

A

CT near blood vessels.

36
Q

What prompts the release of granules from mast cells?

A

Allergens binding to Immunoglobulin E.

37
Q

What are the main functions of histamine and heparin respectively?

A

Increase blood vessel wall permeability.

Anticoagulant.

38
Q

Where does elastic fibres (elastin) play an important role in the body?

A

Sites with elastic cartilage.

Dermis, artery walls, lungs.

39
Q

What is the most common type of collagen?

A

Type 1 collagen. (90% of all collagen)

40
Q

Where is type 1 collagen typically found?

A

Tendons, skin dermis.

41
Q

What is a difference between type 1 and type 2 collagen? Where is type 2 collagen found?

A

Type 2 collagen fibrils do not form fibres.

Found in hyaline and elastic cartilage.

42
Q

What is type 3 collagen? Where is it typically found?

A

Reticulin.

Found AROUND muscle/nerve and in the lymphatic system.

43
Q

Where is type 4 collagen found?

A

The basal lamina of basement membrane

44
Q

What is vitamin C required for in relation to collagen? What does a deficiency in vitamin C result in?

A

Required for the intracellular production of procollagen.

Scurvy.

45
Q

What are 2 symptoms of scurvy?

A

Poor wound healing.

Poor bone function.

46
Q

What is osteogenesis imperfecta? What is it a result of?

A

Genetic disorder where bones are broken more easily.

Due to abnormal type 1 collagen.

47
Q

What are two types of fat cells? Which type makes up the majority of adipose tissue?

A

White and Brown

Majority is white fat cells.

48
Q

What does a white adipose cell consist of?

A

Contains fat. Almost completely filled by a single lipid droplet.

49
Q

Why do white cells look empty when H + E stained? What are 2 functions of white cells?

A

Toluene and xylene have dissolved away the lipid.

Insulation. Shock-absorption.

50
Q

What is the structure of brown adipose cells?

A

Contain many lipid droplets and a central nucleus.

51
Q

What contributes to the brown colour of brown cells?

A

Rich vascular supply and many mitochondria.

Body Logistics (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions