the leg Flashcards
the leg is
from the knee down to the ankle
Gerdy’s tubercle
a roughed up edge on the lateral tibial condyle. The IT band attaches here.
what attaches to tibial tuberosity
the patellar tendon / ligament
patella helps us
extend knee
Osgood Schlatter
usually happens in active kids up to 16. It can be called jumpers knee. It leads to a big prominence on their tibial tuberosity.
inflammation of the patellar ligament/tendon- or the tendon can actually pull away causing a fraction of the tibial tuberosity
Tibia pes anserinus
“gooses foot”
area on the medial side of the tibia that is formed by the sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus
“Say Grace before Super Time
medial malleolus
distal end of tibia - the large lump on the inside of ankle
the fibula
mainly non weight bearing
parts include: head, neck, shaft, and lateral malleolus
lateral malleolus
distal end of fibula. It goes a little longer that prevents ankle from turning out
the talcrural joint is also known as the
ankle joint
it is also called mortise and tenon because it creates an arch
the talcrural joint is the attachment between
the medial malleolus’ of the tibia and the lateral malleolus of the fibula with the talus of the foot
the talcrural joint allows what motion
plantars flexion and dorsi flexion
the tibiofibular joint has how many different parts?
there’s a superior TF joint
middle TF joint
and a inferior TF joint
what runs between tibia and fibula
interosseous membrane, but there is no pronation and supination
the proximal tibiofibular joint (TF)
has a thick joint capsule for stability not mobility
it also has anterior and posterior ligaments
the distal tibiofibular joint (TF)
has a lot of stabilizers!
has a capsule
has anterior and posterior inferior ligaments
ALSO has interosseous tibulofibular ligament
and transverse fibular ligament
the muscles in the leg reside in
compartments- musculofascial compartments
crural fascia
investing fascia in the leg aka deep fascia
its attached to tendons around the patella, tibial condyles, and the head of the femur… It’s also attached at the retinaculum of the ankle to prevent displacement of tendons
anterior compartment of leg
when you lift toes toward body it’s the area on shin that pops up
the lateral compartment of leg
point toe and bring pinky toe towards body. should feel on lateral side
posterior compartment of leg
has two parts- superficial and deep
flex calf = superficial, deep to that is your deep compartment
fascial compartments are separated by
more fascia
the posterior compartment of the leg is separated by
the transverse intermuscular septum
“crus”=
leg
inversion vs eversion
happens at subtaler joint
inversion turning toss up and in
eversion turning toe up out (pinky toe side up)
anterior compartment muscles
1.TIBIALIS ANTERIOR- when you lift toes towards nose you see. goes into big toe
2.EXTENSOR DIGITORUM LONGUS- goes into toes 2-5
both originate at the fibula. both help with extension/ dorsiflexion of ankle and toes
3.EXTENSOR HALLUCIS LONGUS- it comes off the interosseous membrane. it inserts on the big toe. It dorsiflexes the big toe
4.PERONEUS TERTIUS- goes to 5th metatarsal. its a weak dorsiflexor
lateral compartment muscles
1.PERONEUS LONGUS - off the lateral tibia and fibula, it dives under the lateral part of foot to grab onto the 1st metatarsal on the bottom of the foot. When it contracts it pulls the big toe into eversion
2.PERONEUS BREVIS - origin = fibula, attaches on the base of the 5th metatarsal
FUNCTIONALLY THESE ARE EVERTERS
posterior compartment, superficial layer muscles
- gastrocnemius (your calf) (has a medial and lateral head). The two heads come together and insert into your achilles tendon (tendocalcaneus). At the knee they can help with flexion, the primary function is ANKLE DORSI FLEXORS - push on gas peddle
the anterior compartment is innervated by
the deep peroneal nerve
the posterior compartment is innervated by
the tibial nerve
the lateral compartment is innervated by the
superficial peroneal nerve
