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Anatomy > Anatomy Test #3 Lecture #6 Material > Flashcards

Anatomy Test #3 Lecture #6 Material Flashcards

1
Q

InfratemporalFossa

A 
Lateral: Ramus-Mandible
Anterior: Maxilla
Medial: Lat. Pterygoid Plate
Superior: Sphenoid-Greater Wing
Posterior: Spine of the Sphenoid
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2
Q

Infratemporal Fossa-Contents

A 
Pterygoid Plexus
Lateral Pterygoid M. -Has Superior & Inferior Heads
Medial Pterygoid M
Maxillary Artery with 15-17 branches
Chorda Tympani Nerve
Branches of V3
Otic ganglion
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3
Q

Maxillary Artery with 15-17 branches three parts

A

Has the following 3 parts:
Superficial
Intermediate
Deep

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4
Q

Maxillary Artery comes off of what artery

A

external carotid artery

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5
Q

Inferior alveolar artery

A

comes off of the superficial maxillary artery and goes the opposite direction than the others, so it goes to your lower teeth and gums

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6
Q

middle meningeal

A

comes off of the superficial maxillary artery

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7
Q

Branches off of V3 (mandibular division of trigeminal n)

A
  • Inferior Alveolar N
  • N. to Mylohyoid
  • Lingual Nerve
  • Buccal Nerve
  • Auriculotemporal Nerve
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8
Q

Chorda Tympani Nerve

A

(Br. of CN VII)
Comes together and runs with lingual N
supplies taste to the anterior 2/3’s of tongue and parasympathetic innervation to the submandibular gland and sublingual

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9
Q

Buccal Nerve

A
  • branch of V3

- sensory to the cheek

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10
Q

Lingual Nerve

A
  • branch of V3

- sensory fibers supply sensory to anterior 2/3’s of tongue

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11
Q

N. to Mylohyoid

A

comes off of inferior alveolar N and innervates the Mylohyoid muscle

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12
Q

Inferior Alveolar N

A

-branch of V3

enters mandible gives off sensory branches to lower teeth and jaw

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13
Q

Auriculotemporal Nerve

A
  • branch of V3
  • supplies general sensation to the posterior temporal region
    • Splits around the Middle Meningeal Artery-parasympathetic to parotid gland
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14
Q

Otic ganglion

A

-gives off post ganglion parasympathetic innervation to your parotid gland, when its stimulated it causes carotid gland to secrete saliva

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15
Q

All Parasympathetic cranial nerves send out pre ganglions to viscera where it then reaches the post ganglion which then sends the

A

post ganglions to the organ

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16
Q

How many cranial nerves contain parasympathetic ganglions?

A

4 cranial nerves contain parasympathetic ganglions

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17
Q

which is larger, pre or post ganglions?

A

typically pre ganglions

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18
Q

Bones forming the “root” or “bridge” of the nose

A

Nasal Bones (2)
Frontal Process-Maxillary Bone (2)
Nasal Process-Frontal Bone (2

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19
Q

entrance to the Nasal Cavity

A

Piriform Fossa

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20
Q

Quadrangular (Hyaline)

A

Cartilage that forms the septum itself

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21
Q

Boney septum

A

behind quadrangular hyaline

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22
Q

The nasal septum consists of anterior and posterior part:

A

a. anterior, cartilaginous part;

b. posterior, bony part

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23
Q

Muscles of the nose include (Netter: 35):

A

a. Nasalis (opens the nostrils)
b. Depresso septi
c. Levator Palpebrae Superioris Alaque (nasi)

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24
Q

Levator Palpebrae Superioris Alaque (nasi) function

A

scruntches nose

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25
Q

procerus

A

between orbits and when you contract it furrows your brows, makes you frown

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26
Q

Depresso septi

A

under the septum, stabilizes the septum

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27
Q

Philtrum:

A

the space or depression b/w the 2 ridges created by the depress septi

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28
Q

nasopharynx

A

cavity in throat that is behind the nasal cavity.

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29
Q

choana

A

egg shaped openings that separates nasal cavity (air from nose) from nasopharynx

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30
Q

choana boundaries

A

Lateral Boundary-Perpendicular Plate-Palatine Bone

Medial Boundary- Bony Nasal Septum

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31
Q

limen nasi

A

where the skin ends and the respiratory mucus begins

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32
Q

roof of nasal cavity and floor if nasal cavity

A 
roof = cribriform plate
floor = hard palate = formed by the palatine processes of the maxillary bone and by the horizontal plates of the palatine bone
33
Q

respiratory region.

A

warms and humidifies air

34
Q

nasal conchae

A

on surface of lateral wall, warm and humidify air bc exposing it to more surface area
-superior conchae (it’s own bone), middle conchae (part of ethmoid bone), inferior conchae (part of ethmoid bone)

35
Q

space between conchi

A

meatus

  • (superior, middle (btw middle and inf), and inferior (btwn inf conchae and hard palate)
  • where the nasolacrimal duct drains
36
Q

sphenoethoidal recess

A

where the sphenoid sinus is going to drain

37
Q

ethmoid bulla

A

bulge lying underneath the middle conchae, caused by the middle ethmoid air cells

38
Q

Hiatus semilunaris

A

cleft lying underneath the middle conchae where the maxillary sinus, frontal sinus, and anterior ethmoidal air cells drain (see below).

39
Q

Opening for Nasolacrimal Duct, explain crying –

A

Lacrimal Apparatus:

a. Lacarimal gland – releases tears that migrate medially across conjuntiva.
b. Lacariml Lake – collects tears
c. Lacrimal Caruncle – red tissue in lake
d. Lacrimal Papillae – on medial eyelid, small bump e. Lacrimal Puncta – pin hole on papillae
f. Lacrimal Canaliculi – from puncta to sac
g. Lacrimal Sac – to nasolacrimal duct
h. Nasolacrimal Duct – drains into nasal cavity; nose runs when you cry!

40
Q

nasal cavity smell nerve?
nasal cavity general sensation nerve?
nasal cavity parasympathetic nerve and what does it do?

A

smell nerve- olfactory nerve
sensation- trigeminal nerve
parasympathetic nerve- facial nerve- increases amount of mucus and blood flow

41
Q

Note that the primary blood flow to the nasal cavity is via the posteriorly entering

A

sphenopalatine artery (a terminal branch of the maxillary artery) and its branches

    1. Ant. Ethmoidal Artery
    1. Post. Ethmoidal Artery
    1. Greater Palatine Artery
    1. Nasal Br. – Facial Artery
42
Q

Keisselbach’s Area-Epistaxis

A

where all the nose arteries come together, usually where your nose bleeds come from

43
Q

Paranasal Sinuses Functions

A

Give resonance to the voice- a nice sound to your voice

Lighten the skull

44
Q

4 pairs of paranasal sinuses

A

Maxillary Sinuses (biggest, right over molar teeth)
Frontal Sinuses
Ethmoid Air Cells (could have 4-16) (honeycomb shape)
Sphenoid Sinus (

45
Q

drainage of maxillary sinus, frontal sinus, and anterior ethmoid sinus?

A

they all drain into the MIDDLE MEATUS via Hiatus Semilunaris

46
Q

drainage of Middle Ethmoid goes into

A

Middle Meatus via opening in the Ethmoid Bulla (then into the Middle Meatus)

47
Q

Posterior Ethmoid sinus drainage into :

A

Superior Meatus

48
Q

Sphenoid sinus drainage into:

A

Sphenoethmoidal Recess

49
Q

mental protrubrence

A

the bump in front middle of chin

50
Q

Mastoid process

A

(attaches sternoclydomastoid muscle, and splenius capitis which may be missing in children who cannot hold up their head yet!)

51
Q

Trapezius (upper portion) - innervated by and where is it?

A

CN XI provides the innervation

this muscle covers the back of the neck and attaches into the occipital region of the skull; also, the trapezius has a middle portion (shoulder) and lower portion (back) (Netter: 26).

52
Q

Sternocleidomastoid (SCM) - what innervates it and where is it?

A

CN XI provides the innervation.

this muscle covers the side of the neck obliquely, and runs from the mastoid process to the proximal clavicle and sternal manubrium (Netter: 26-27).

53
Q

Platysma - what innervates it and where is it?

A

innervated by Cranial Nerve VII/ the facial nerve

the muscle that you show anger and grimace (think of the hulk) with in your neck. This is a superficial muscle, that acts as muscle of facial expression. The muscle covers roughly an area from the shoulder and clavicle to the mandible and mouth (Netter: 25).

54
Q

structure deep to platysma?

A

external jugular vein

55
Q

external jugular vein

A

very superficial, drains external face

56
Q

what makes up the external jugular vein?

A

the Vein is formed by the:
Retromandibular Vein
Post. Auricular Vein

57
Q

external jugular vein eventually drains into the

A

subclavian vein

58
Q

Cervical Plexus-

A

ENTIRELY Sensory Branches
All are VPR- ventral primary rami
-Lesser Occipital N.- back of head and neck (C2)
-Greater Auricular N.- around the ear (post, over parotid gland) (C2-C3)
-Transverse Cervical N.- lateral and anterior neck(C2-C3)
-Supraclavicular N.- skin over clavicle (C3-C4)

59
Q

Submandibular/Suboccip-ital Nodes

A

think of a turtle neck- underneath chin, ears, and back of head

60
Q

Deep Cervical Nodes

A

run with sternoclydomastoid

61
Q

Anterior Cervical Nodes

A

runs down neck under ear in a straight line

62
Q

Posterior Cervical Triangle

A

boundaries are the upper trapezius, the sternocleidomastoid (SCM), and the clavicle. The roof is formed by the deep cervical investing fascia .
it’s the triangle above your clavicle- when you protract and elevate your shoulders

63
Q

Posterior Cervical Triangle is filled with

A

deep cervical investing fascia

64
Q

lipoma

A

big fatty tumor that might be in posterior cervical triangle

65
Q

contents of posterior cervicle triangle

A

a. Scalenes (anterior, middle, posterior)
b. Levator Scapulae
c. Splenius Capitis
d. Superior & Inferior belly of the omohyoid

66
Q

Scalene Hiatus

A

This opening is formed by the anterior and middle scalene muscles.

67
Q

Passing through the scalene hiatus are the

A

rami and trunks of the brachial plexus along with the subclavian triangle.

68
Q

scalene are muscles that connect

A

these are muscles that connect the rib cage to the cervical spine

69
Q

what separates Superior & Inferior belly of the omohyoid

A

intermediate tendon

70
Q

What does the Inferior belly of the omohyoid do to the posterior cervical triangle?

A

it divides it into two smaller triangles

  1. the occipital triangle (top triangle)
  2. the subclavian or the omoclavicular triangle (the bottom triangle)
71
Q

Nerve contents of posterior cervical triangle

A

all sensory

  • Lesser Occipital N.
  • Greater Auricular N.
  • Transverse Cervical N.
  • Supraclavicular N.
72
Q

Erb’s Point

A

the point where the 4 nerves of the posterior cervical triangle come together
-its the location of the upper trunk of the brachial plexus

73
Q

the occipital triangle

A

the beginning of the brachial plexus- the 5 rami and three trunks

74
Q

subclavian triangle

A

Subclavian Artery
Subclavian Vein
Supraclavicular Nerve

75
Q

what nerve runs through the occipital triangle?

A

Cranial nerve XI (spinal accessory nerve)

76
Q

Anterior cervical triangle boundaries

A

Body of Mandible (top flat boundary)
Sternocleidomastoid (lateral border)
Midline of the Neck (medial border, splits into two triangles)

77
Q

what fills up the Anterior cervical triangle

A

deep investing fascia

78
Q

Anterior cervical triangle contents

A

Anterior & Posterior Belly-Digastric (note: Fibrous Sling & Intermediate Tendon)
Stylohyoid
Geniohyoid
Mylohyoid

79
Q 
Suprahyoid Muscles innervations
Anterior Belly of the Digastric: 
Mylohyoid: 
Posterior Belly of the Digastric:
Stylohyoid:
Geniohyoid
A 
Anterior Belly of the Digastric: V3 (N. to Mylohyoid)
Mylohyoid: V3 (N. to Mylohyoid)
Posterior Belly of the Digastric: CN VII
Stylohyoid: CN VII
Geniohyoid: C1 via the Hypoglossal Nerve

Anatomy (23 decks)

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