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Anatomy > Anatomy lecture #7 the ear recording > Flashcards

Anatomy lecture #7 the ear recording Flashcards

1
Q

three parts of the ear, AKA the Vestibulocochlear Organ organ

A

the external ear
the middle ear- medial to the eardrum
the internal ear- most medial and deepest of all of the parts

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2
Q

the external ear

A

has the auricle- which is the fan shape part of the ear that is made of all cartilage
and it has the external acoustic meatus which is the hole into the ear

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3
Q

external auditory canal is half ___ and half ___

A

half bone (medial portion) half cartilage (lateral portion)

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4
Q

what is cerumen?

A

ear wax- in older people it can impede the sound. So it can clog the external ear canal

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5
Q

middle ear is also called the

A

Tympanic Cavity ( think of it as a room you’re standing in)

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6
Q

Ossicles

A

vibrate whenever we transmit sound into the ear. They relay this to where it can be transmitted to electrical energy, and it’s carried by the 8th cranial nerve to the brain

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7
Q

Tympanic Membrane

A

membrane of the ear drum

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8
Q

Tegmen Tympani

A

the roof over the middle ear

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9
Q

Epitympanic Recess

A

extension into upper right middle ear

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10
Q

layers of eardrum (tympanic membrane)

A

lateral layer is skin
middle layer is connective tissue
median side = mucus membrane

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11
Q

the umbo

A

it’s the end an ossicle that is attached to the medial side of the eardrum

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12
Q

malleolus

A

the actual ossicle that attaches to the medial side of the eardrum

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13
Q

what is the opening at the base of the cochlea called?

A

Fenestra Vestibuli (Oval Window)

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14
Q

Fenestra Cochlea (Round Window) location

A

underneath the fenestra vestibule

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15
Q

tensor tympani muscle innervated by

A

V3

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16
Q

tensor tympani runs parallel to

A

auditory (eustachian) tube

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17
Q

what does the tensor tympani do

A

it dampens the vibration of the malleus so that it isn’t top loud for us

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18
Q

auditory tube connects what to what

A

middle ear to nasal pharynx

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19
Q

auditory tube runs

A

down, medially, and anteriorly

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20
Q

lateral 1/3rd of auditory tube is

A

bone

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21
Q

medial 2/3rd of auditory tube is

A

cartilage

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22
Q

nasal pharynx connects to what part of the auditory tube

A

the cartilaginous portion.

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23
Q

tube of elevation with tubal tonsils

A

young subjects have the tubal tonsils which is lymphoid tissue

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24
Q

pr

A

where the stypidius (smallest muscle in body) muscle originates. It is innervated by cranial nerve 7

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25
Q

importance of the Stapedius muscle (CN VII

A

the stapedius muscle has a tendon that attaches into the stapes bone (horseshoe shape structure) that plugs into the oval window( Fenestra Vestibuli) and it transmits the sound from the middle ear into the inner ear

26
Q

importance of the Stapedius muscle (CN VII

A

the stapedius muscle has a tendon that attaches into the stapes bone (horseshoe shape structure) that plugs into the oval window( Fenestra Vestibuli) and it transmits the sound from the middle ear into the inner ear

27
Q

malleus looks like a

A

a hammer with a long handle called the manubrium. 1st ossicle in chain

28
Q

the umbo is

A

the tip of the manubrium of the malleus, it’s where the malleus connects into the eardrum

29
Q

the incus

A

2nd one in chain to vibrate

30
Q

the stapes

A

3rd one in chain to vibrate. Prevents over vibrating

31
Q

explain order of vibrations

A
  1. tympanic membrane
  2. causing malleus to vibrate
  3. causing incus to vibrate
  4. causing stapes to vibrate
    - magnify vibrations with each bone.
32
Q

lower ear nerve

A

glossopharyngeal (specifically, tympanic nerve or Jacobson’s nerve)

33
Q

fascial nerve of ear

A

called the chorda tympani

34
Q

Cochlea is for

A

Hearing

35
Q

Vestibule is for

A

Static Equilibrium

36
Q

3 Semicircular Canals are for

A

Kinetic Equilibrium

37
Q

3 Semicircular Canals are for

A

Kinetic Equilibrium

38
Q

the boney labyrinth encases the

A

membranous labyrinth

39
Q

the membranous labyrinth inside of the cochlea is called the

A

cochlear duct

40
Q

the sacule and lutricle

A

the membranous labyrinth’s inside of the vestibule

41
Q

membranous labyrinth of the semicircular canals are

A

the semicircular ducts

42
Q

the membranous labyrinth houses the

A

Receptors for Hearing and Equilibrium

43
Q

within the cavity of the membranous labyrinth there’s a the fluid called ____. and what does it do?

A

Endolymph- they can stimulate the sensory endings to make us feel balance or unbalanced

44
Q

displacement of ___ stimulates sensory endings to make us feel balanced or unbalanced

A

endolymph

45
Q

which nerve takes the information from the membranous labyrinth into the brain? and how does it do this?

A

cranial nerve 8 takes it to the brain
the mechanical energy of the inner ear is converted using sensory receptors within membranous labryinth, to become electrical energy which can travel with cranial nerve 8 into the brain

46
Q

Between boney and membranous labyrinth is what fluid?

A

Perilymph-Fluid

47
Q

What are the spaces between the boney and membranous labyrinth named?

A 
Scala Vestibuli (top)
Scala Tympani (bottom)
- we find Perilymph-Fluid in these
48
Q

What separates the Scala Vestibuli (top) from the Scala Tympani (bottom)

A

osseous spiral lamina

49
Q

the osseous spiral lamina has a little structure with a little hat on it called

A

the organ of hearing (the organ of corti)

50
Q

the space around the organ of corti is called

A

the cochlear duct

51
Q

the cochlear duct is inside the membranous labyrinth and that’s where the

A

endolymph is

52
Q

what is found in the Scala Vestibuli and

Scala Tympani

A
  • we find Perilymph-Fluid in these
53
Q

spiral organ or organ of corti is where we

A

convert mechanical energy into electrical energy that can go with cranial nerve 8 into the brain

54
Q

summary of hearing

A

Tympanic Membrane Vibrates
Vibration of the Ossicles (malleus-incus-stapes)
Stapes vibrates the Perilymph
Perilymph conveys vibrations to Endolymph (mechanical to electrical via the spiral organ/ organ of corti)
Simulation of Auditory Sensory Endings that project to CN VIII

55
Q

the stapes plugs into the

A

oval window

56
Q

the ampullae of the semicircular canal

A

the swellings which are where the receptors are to form the kinetic labyrinth to check rotational movements of head

57
Q

Saccule & Utricle have sensory epithelium called the

A

Maculae

58
Q

what stimulates the Maculae? What happens when stimulated?

A

Gravitational changes stimulate sensory endings that project to CN VIII

59
Q

maculae has little hair cells with a little membrane that overlies it. The membrane is called Otolithic. It has little holes in it. If hair cells are bent, what happens?

A

mechanical energy is converted to electrical energy used by cranial nerve 8

60
Q

kinetic labyrinth are inside of semicircular canals. Their Ampullae swellings have sensory epithelium called

A

Ampullary Crests

61
Q

When we get changes in endolymphatic flow (so rotation of the head) in the ampullary crests, it stimulates

A

sensory endings that project to CN VIII

Anatomy (23 decks)

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