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Anatomy > Anatomy Test #3 lecture #8 > Flashcards

Anatomy Test #3 lecture #8 Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior Cervical Triangle

A

Body of Mandible (top)
Sternocleidomastoid (lateral)
Midline of the Neck (medial)

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2
Q

Infrahyoid muscles

A

Omohyoid- Sup. Belly
Omohyoid- Inf. Belly
Sternohyoid ( runs vertically with omohyoids, just more medially)
Thyrohyoid (deep)
Sternothyroid (sternum to thyroid cartilage)

head goes forward then it snaps back (car accident)

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3
Q

infra hyoid muscles

A

bring throat back in after swolling

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4
Q

infrahyoid muscles innervation

A

Ansa Cervicalis (C1-C3)
Supplies 3 Infrahyoid Muscles
Exception: Thyrohyoid-C1 via the Hypoglossal Nerve

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5
Q

cervical plexus

A 
Ansa Cervicalis (C1-C3)
Lesser Occipital N.
Greater Auricular N.
Transverse Cervical N.
Supraclavicular N.
Phrenic Nerve (C3-C5)
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6
Q

Supraclavicular N.

A

general sensation to the area….?

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7
Q

phrenic nerve

A

“the most important nerve in the body”
mixed nerve supplied by C3, C4, C5
supplies the diaphragm, which does 80-85% of the breathing

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8
Q

visceral structures are covered with

A

with Pre-Tracheal Fascia

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9
Q

thyroid gland issmus

A

goes back and forth between the two thyroid lobes

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10
Q

Contents of the Carotid Sheath (Derived from Pre-tracheal Fascia)

A

Internal Jugular Vein (most lateral)
vagus nerve (CN X) (between and behind)
Common carotid artery (most medial)

kind of make a triangle

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11
Q

which structures are covered with Pre-Tracheal Fascia

A

-covers thyroid, larynx, IJV, common carotid artery, vagus nerve, lower portion of pharynx, cervical portion of esophagus and Trachea-Cervical Portion

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12
Q

describe the thyroid

A

thyroid gland is lobulated, has two lateral lobes, and has an issmus between the two

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13
Q

what is the function of the parathyroid gland?

A

regulate blood calcium
Secretes PTH (Parathyroid Hormone)- tells bones to release calcium back into the blood
if not enough, they contract

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14
Q

ANTERIOR TRIANGLE

A

mandible (top and base)
midline of neck (medial side)
sternocleidomastoid (lateral side)

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15
Q

Submental Triangle

A

Ant. Belly of Digastric, Hyoid body (line down middle to make right/left triangles.), then the anterior belly of the digastric forms each side of the triangle.
-Contents: mylohyoid and submental lymph nodes, geniohyoids, external jugular vein

Subdivision of the Anterior Cervical Triangle

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16
Q

Carotid Triangle

A

SCM, stylohyoid, post. Belly of the digastric, sup. Belly of omohyoid
- Contents: common carotid artery and its bifurcation, internal jugular vein, vagus nerve, carotid sheath, and first 5 branches of the external carotid artery

Subdivision of the Anterior Cervical Triangle

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17
Q

Muscular Triangle

A

sup. Belly of the omohyoid, SCM, imaginary line down median aspect of neck.
- Infrahyoid muscles, thyroid gland (and parathyroids) with blood supply and venous drainage, cervical portion of the trachea, pre-tracheal fascia

Subdivision of the Anterior Cervical Triangle

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18
Q

Muscular Triangle

A

sup. Belly of the omohyoid, SCM, imaginary line down median aspect of neck.
- Infrahyoid muscles, thyroid gland (and parathyroids) with blood supply and venous drainage, cervical portion of the trachea, pre-tracheal fascia

Subdivision of the Anterior Cervical Triangle

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19
Q

Contents of the Carotid Sheath : what happens to the common carotid artery here?

A

Bifurcations of both Common Carotid Arteries (arteries going up)
External Carotid Artery (runs in anterior)
Internal Carotid Artery (runs posterior)

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20
Q

Carotid Sinus

A

a bulging of the common carotid
Wall contains Baroreceptors
-Baroreceptors monitor BP (blood pressure)

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21
Q 
What do the  first 5 of 8 External Carotid Artery branches supply:
Superior Thyroid Artery
Ascending Pharyngeal artery
Lingual artery 
Facial Artery 
Occipital artery
A

Superior Thyroid Artery- supplies thyroid gland
Ascending Pharyngeal artery- supplies pharynx/ throat
Lingual artery- supplies tongue
Facial Artery - supplies face
Occipital artery - supplies back of your head

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22
Q

does internal carotid artery have any branches in neck?

A

no

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23
Q

Right subclavian artery comes from

A

From: Brachiocephalic Trunk (BCT)

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24
Q

left subclavian artery comes from

A

From: Aortic Arch.

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25
Q

Internal Jugular Veins combine with Subclavian Veins to form:

A

Left & Right Brachiocephalic Veins (BCV)

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26
Q

brachialcephalic veins drain into

A

superior vena cava

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27
Q

anterior jugular vein drains, and they terminate in

A

the area under your chin

they terminate in the external jugular vein

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28
Q

where does common carotid bifurcate?

A

at about the top of your voice box, larynx

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29
Q

the internal carotid artery runs

A

posterior

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30
Q

the external caroitid artery runs

A

anterior

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31
Q

anterior branch of external carotid artery includes

A
  1. ) superior thyroid artery-along with the inferior thyroid, supplies the thyroid gland
  2. ) lingual artery- runs under the hyoglossus muscle and supplies the tongue
  3. ) fascial artery- - runs in the submandibular triangle to supply the external portion of the face
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32
Q

posterior branch of external carotid artery includes

A
  1. ) occipital artery- runs posterior and upward to supply the back of the head
  2. ) posterior auricular artery- runs posterior and behind the ear
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33
Q

middle branch of external carotid artery includes

A
  1. ) ascending pharyngeal- ascends deeply on the pharyngeal wall
  2. ) superficial temporal- (terminal branch) runs superficially over the temporal area
  3. ) maxillary artery (deep in cheek)- courses deep and is the only branch of the external carotid artery that gives rise to a branch that enters the skull (middle meningeal artery) (Netter: 39) via the infratemporal fossa (Netter: 39). The maxillary artery enters the infratemporal fossa and gives of some 17 branches that supply the muscles of mastication, the nasal cavity and head and external structures.
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34
Q

philtrim

A

the depression that exists above upper lip, and the two ridges on either side

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35
Q

superior labial frenulum

A

connects upper lip to upper gum

36
Q

inferior labial frenulum

A

connects lower lip to lower gum

37
Q

Lips blend with

A

Blend with skin externally

Blend with mucosa internally

38
Q

Lips:

A

2 Angles of the Mouth
Labial commissures
Orbicularis Oris

39
Q

mouth by definition begins and ends where?

A

begins at your lips Ends at the Palatoglossal Folds

40
Q

Oral Cavity Proper

A

portion of the mouth inside the teeth & gums -towards the back
Palate
Tongue

41
Q

Buccal Cavity-portion of the mouth between:

A

Gums/Teeth & Lips Anteriorly

Gums/Teeth & Cheeks laterally

42
Q

Cheeks-Formed by the

A

Buccinator (pronounced buxinator)

-outside is skin, inside is mucosa of cheeck

43
Q

Buccinator is innervated by

A

Innervation: CN VII

44
Q

Pterygomandibular raphe

A

between Superior Pharyngeal Constrictor & Buccinator

45
Q

Mouth boundaries

A

Roof: Hard & Soft Palates
Floor: Tongue
Subfloor-Lingual Frenulum & Sublingual Folds

46
Q

what supplies General sensation to the mouth?

A 
Trigeminal Nerve (V2 & V3): 
V2 supplies palate and upper teeth and gums (alveoli- the sockets the teeth fit into)
V3 supplies lower teeth and gums (alveoli), subfloor, and anterior 2/3 tongue
47
Q

Tongue and Palate contain glands that secrete mucus

A

helps food go down easier

48
Q

Teeth- how many baby? how many permanent?

A

20 Deciduous Teeth (baby)

32 Permanent Teeth (permanent)

49
Q

Describe the adult upper and middle teeth

A

Adult: Upper & Lower = the same
4 incisors -in the front
2 canines - behind the incisors (one on each side)
4 premolars- behind the canines ( 2 on each side)
6 molars- so three on each side (label most ant-> post)

50
Q

what is your wisdom tooth?

A

3rd molar

51
Q

How many teeth on top? Bottom?

A

16 on top, 16 on bottom

52
Q 
Mouth parts
Body (Blade)
Median Furrow
Root with Lingual Tonsil
Foramen Cecum
A

Body (Blade)

Median Furrow (the line down the middle of the tongue)

Root(towards the back) with Lingual Tonsil

Foramen Cecum - the little depression between the body and root of the tongue

53
Q

3 types of Papillae of the tongue

A

Circumvalate (between ant and post portion of tongue)
Fungiform (lateral parts of tongue)
Filiform (all over the tongue)

54
Q

What are papillae of tongue?

A

tastebuds

55
Q

Tongue Muscles (Covered by Mucosa)- two groups and how many in each group?

A 
Intrinsic Muscles (3 groups)
Extrinsic Muscles (4 pairs)
56
Q

Intrinsic Muscles of tongue names

A

Longitudinal- decrease length, increase width
Transverse- increase length, decrease width
Vertical- smooshes it and makes it wide

57
Q

intrinsic muscles of the tongue function

A

Alter the shape of the tongue

58
Q

extensor muscle of the tongue

A

a. Genioglossus – stick out tongue
b. Hyoglossus – depresses tongue “ahhhh”
c. Styloglossus – creates funnel
d. Palatoglossus – initiates swallowing (CN X)

59
Q

muscles of tongue are innervated by? with the exception of which muscle which is supplied by…

A

Motor Innervations: Hypoglossal N. (CN XII, 12)

Exception: Palatoglossus-Vagus N. (CN X)

60
Q

General Sensation to Anterior 2/3 of tongue

A

CN V. (5) V3 via the Lingual Nerve

61
Q

Taste to Anterior 2/3 of tongue

A

CN VII Chorda Tympani Nerve

62
Q

Taste & Gen. Sensation to Posterior 1/3 of tongue:

A

Glossopharyngeal-CN IX Lingual Branch

63
Q

3 Pairs of Salivary Glands

A

Parotid-2 (biggest)
Submandibular-2
Sublingual-2

64
Q

parotid duct

A

comes own of parotid gland
Crosses the Masseter
Pierces the Buccinator
Opens into the buccal cavity by the 2nd upper molar tooth.

65
Q

Parotid - how does it drain into the mouth and what nerve?

A

drains into the mouth via the parotid duct, which opens into the buccal cavity opposite the upper second molar tooth; CN IX

66
Q

Submandibular - drains into mouth via ? What nerve?

A

drains into the mouth at the sublingual caruncle via the
submandibular duct, which may be seen coursing over the mylohyoid muscle and passing over the lingual nerve; CN VII via corda tympani branch

67
Q

Sublingual - drains into mouth via? What nerve?

A

drains into the mouth (below the tongue) via numerous sublingual ducts in the sublingual folds.
CN VII via corda ttympani branch.

68
Q

Lingual Frenulum

Note: Sublingual Caruncles

A

thin piece of tissue that joins tongue to the subfloor.
sublingual caruncles-the thick part that has a little tiny openings on each side… these are sublingual ducts. When you open mouth and squirt stuff out

69
Q

Hard Palate is formed by

A

Palatine Process of the Maxillary Bone

Horizontal Plate of the Palatine Bone

70
Q

Incisive Fossa is for the

A

Nasopalatine Nerve (V2). Supplies sensation for inferior portion of septum

71
Q

anastomosis in the nose nerves is between which two?

A

Nasopalatine Nerve (V2) & Greater Palatine N (hard palate) as they pass the incisive fossa

72
Q

What happens when the maxilla does not close along the midline?

A

cleft lip, and cleft pallate

73
Q

Soft Palate is

A

Skeletal Muscles, covered by Mucosa

74
Q

Soft Palate (5 Pairs of Muscles)

A 
Levator Veli Palatini
Tensor Veli Palatini
Palatopharyngeus
Palatoglossus
Musculus Uvuli
75
Q

Tensor veli palatini –

A

originates from Eustactian tube, around HAMULUS (of

medial pterygoid) and join in middle at palatine aponeurosis. Compacts food for easier swallowing.

76
Q

Levator veli palatini –

A

elevates palate. Acts as valve to close off oral pharynx from nasal pharynx.

77
Q

Palatopharyngeus –

A

funnels food for swallowing

78
Q

Palatoglossus –

A

lift the tongue to push food to back of throat…iniates swallowing.

79
Q

Musculus uvuli –

A

main part of valve, actual part that closes off nasal passage.

80
Q

The soft palate has 4 anatomical landmarks associated with it

A
  1. Palatoglossal fold (arch) - runs from the soft palate to the tongue; helps narrow entrance to make it easier to swallow
  2. Palatopharyngeal fold (arch) - runs from the soft palate to the pharynx; helps narrow entrance to make it easier to swallow
  3. Uvula - hangs down in the oropharyngeal orifice from the soft palate. Makes sure food doesn’t go up and out your nose
  4. Palatine Tonsils
81
Q

soft palate of tongue is innervated by *note exception

A

Innervations: Vagus Nerve
Exception: Tensor Veli Palatini is innervated by branches of V3

82
Q

Soft Palate and hard palate-General Sensation

A

V2 Branches
Greater Palatine Nerve = General Sensation to the Hard Palate

Lesser Palatine Nerve = General Sensation to the Soft Palate

83
Q

_____ supplies blood the Hard Palate

____ supplies blood to the Soft Palate

A

Greater Palatine Artery = hard palate

Lesser Palatine Artery = soft palate

84
Q

Palatopharyngeal fold (arch) is behind the

A

Palatoglossal fold (arch)

85
Q

tonsillar arches (or fauces) are the

A

Palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal folds

86
Q

tonsillar recess

A

Palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal folds

Anatomy (23 decks)

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