The Injured Child Flashcards
what is the epidemiology of paediatric trauma
comments cause of death
prevention always better than cure
boys 3x more likely
why do children sustain injuries
interaction between their development and their environment
how does children size related to injury
small target ;arge sufrace to volume ratio heat loss is significant large head smaller mass- drugs doses and fluid have different effect
how is their skeleton different
incompletely calcified soft and springy deforms rather that breaks poor at absorbing energy less protection for organs
how is there metabolism different
little brown fat
thermoregulation not as good
develops hypoglyaemia quicker
what types of fracture are there
buckle fracture
clavicle fractures
tibia fracture
greenstick fracture
what is SCIWRA
spinal injury without radiological abnormality
what is the psycholigcla impact of trauma on children
effects on normal growht and development
what communication difficulties are there
too young to describe symptoms
have to rely on nonverbal cues
good rapport is essential
parents are distressed
what is the primary survey in resuscitation
cABCDE catastrophic haemorrhage control airway and c spine breathing dibailtiy exposure glucose
what is the secondary survey
emergency treatment
definitive care
reassessment
what can cause respiratory failure
obstruction- croup epiglottitis asthma pneumothorax foreign body inhalation depression- poisoning convulsions raised ICP
what can cause circulatory failure
fluid loss gastroenteroitis burns trauma fluid maldistribution
what are first peak deaths
die instantaneously at the scene
only treatment is prevention
what are second peak deaths
die from significant ABCD problems
platnimun 10 minutes
golden hour
