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Paediatrics > Infectious Diseases > Flashcards

Infectious Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

why are paediatric diseases unique

A

common self limiting to life threatening conditions by the same organism
developing immune system

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2
Q

what is SIRS

A 
systemic inflammatory response syndrome 
caused by trauma 
haemorrhage 
burns 
pancreatitis
infection
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3
Q

what is sepsis

A

sepsis=SIRS and a proven infection, bacteraemia

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4
Q

what are the symptoms of SIRS

A

fever
tachycardia
tachypnoea
leukocytosis

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5
Q

what Is sepsis and multi organ failure

A 
sepsis and 2 of 
resp failure
renal failure
neurological failure
haematogocial failure 
liver failure
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6
Q

what is ARDS

A

acute respiraotry distress syndrome

inflammatory response of the lungs

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7
Q

what are the causes of sepsis in neonates

A

group b strep
e coli
listera monocytogenes

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8
Q

what are the causes of sepsis in children

A

strep pneumoniae
meningococci
group a strep
staph aureus

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9
Q

what are the symptoms of sepsis

A 
fever
cold hands and feet
increased cap refill
chillds
regors
vomitting
muscle weakness
rash
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10
Q

what are the invesitgations

A 
FBC
CRP
u and e 
coagulation factors 
blood gas
glucose 
urine culture
skin biopsy 
CT head
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11
Q

what are the treatments of sepsis

A 
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
DEFG-dont ever forget glucose 
antibiotics broad spectrum
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12
Q

what are the causes of neonate meningitis

A

group b strep
e.coli
listeria

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13
Q

what are the causes of children meningitis

A

strep pneumoniae
menigiococci
haemophiliac influenza

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14
Q

what are the symptoms of meningitis

A 
nuchal rigidity
headaches
photophobia
seizures 
neonates-lethargy 
irritable 
seizures
bulging fontelle 
rash non blancing
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15
Q

what are the treatments for meningitis

A

ABCDEFG

cephlasporin

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16
Q

what are the complications o pneumococcal meningitis

A

brain damage
hearing loss
hydrocephalus

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17
Q

describe strep pneumonia infection

A

gram postive
colonises upper airway
transmission by droplets

18
Q

describe pneumococcal disease

A

mastoiditis
glue ear
empyema

19
Q

describe haemophilus infeluenza type b

A

gram negative

20
Q

describe meningococcal disease

A

in nasopharynx
passage through epithelia
can cause septic shock and meningitis

21
Q

what are examples of streptococcal diseases

A 
impetigo 
toxic shock
bacteriameia 
septic arthritis 
treat with penicillin
22
Q

describe scarlet fever

A

typical strep a infeciton
children under 2 and over 10 usually protected
can lead to cellulitis

23
Q

what are examples fo staph diseases

A 
gram postiive cocci
MRSA 
MSSA
reisstance is a big issue 
treat resistance with flucoxacillin
24
Q

describe varicella zoster virus infections

A

primary infection is varicella
is recurrent its zoster
incubation of 14 days

25
Q

what are the symptoms of chicken pox

A

mild malaise
fever
exanthema papule
itching

26
Q

what are the complications of chicken pox

A

secondary skin infection

arthritis

27
Q

what is HSV1

A

herpes simplex virus 1
recurrent cold sores
treat with acyclovir

28
Q

what is the cause of hand foot mouth disease

A

enterovirus
coxsackie a16
incubation of 3-6 days

29
Q

what is Kawasaki disease

A

inflammation of arteries, capillaries and veins

30
Q

what are the symptoms of kawasaki disease

A 
fever for 5 days 
blood shot eyes 
red soles of feet
rash 
swollen
31
Q

how do you treat kawask disease

A

aspirin

immunoglobulins

32
Q

what is primary immundepficiney

A

bodys immune is missing a part of not working properly

33
Q

what are the signs of antibody deficienis

A

deficiency in antibodies

recurrent bacterial infections

34
Q

what are the signs of cellular immunodeficineis

A

characterised by impaired T cell function or absent T cells

pneumocystis jirovecii

35
Q

what are signs of innate immune defificney

A

defects in phagocyte function

staph aureus

36
Q

what are the signs of primary immunodeficieny

A 
severe
persistent
unusual 
recurrent 
runs in the family
37
Q

what is secondary immunodeficiency

A

components of the immune system are present and functional

acquired diseases affect the immune system negatively

38
Q

what are the symptoms of HIV/AIDS

A 
recurrent RTI
persistent oral thrush
papular rash
generalied lymphadenopathy
failure to thrive 
recurrent infections 
developmental delay
39
Q

what is chronic granulomatous disease

A

X linked
life threatening recurrent severe bacterial and fungal infections
diagnosis by DHR test

40
Q

what is common in premature neonates

A

invasive candidiasis

Paediatrics (21 decks)

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