Paediatric Respiratory Flashcards
what is the upper and lower resp tract split by
the larynx
what can be both a viral and bacterial infection
penumonia
ear infection
what is the aetiology of astham
variable host response to the environment infection important it is a syndrome genes ADAM33 or ORMDL3
what is the clinical presentation of asthma
WHEEZE SOB at rest, sooking in ribs dry cough nocturnal cough parental asthma
what are the investigations for asthma
no diagnostic test peak flow allergy test spirometry exhaled nitric oxide
what would like to ask in the history
SANE SABA more than once absence from school nocturnal symptoms exertion symptoms
how do you manage childhood asthma
If th eapteints quality of life is affected, give a trial of steroids review after 2 months
if the patients quality of lie isn’t affected then leave it and watch
what are the classes of medicnes
SABA
ICS
LABA-do not use without ICS
leukotriene receptor antagonist
what is the firs tile of treatment
SABA
what is the second line of treatment
brown inslahaler
if uses SABA more than twice a week or waking once at night
start with very low does ICS
LTRA for under 5 year olds
what are side effects of ICS
1cm off height
oral candidiasis
what is the third line of treatment
add on LABA for over 5
montelukast
or increase ICS
what are the 3 types od delivery devices
MDI useless
spacer with MDI
dry power device
what is non medication maangement
stop smoking
remove environmental triggers
what is the difference between over and under 5 year olds
under-likely to be infeciton
over-likely to be asthma
what are the differentals for under 5
cogential
CF
bronchitis
foreign body
what are the differentials for over 5
dysfunctional breathing
vocal chord dysfunction
pertussis
how do you assess acute asthma
RR working of breathing HR oxygen saturation ability to complete sentences confusion
what is the treatment for acute astham
mild: SABA spacer SABA spacer and pred mod SABA neb and pred severe IV salbutamol IV amino-byline IV magnesium IV hydrocortisone
what is rhinitis
very common
runny nose around 2 weeks
winter months
what is otitis media
common self limiting primary trial infection antibiotics dot help help with pain
what I tonsilits
can be viral or bacteria
do a throat swab
DONT give amoxicillin
10 days of pencillin
what is croup
LTB
stirdor
barking noise
oral dexamethasone
with is epiglottises
rare and toxic H influenza type B inflammation of epiglottis drooling temperature incubation and antibiotics
what are the common infecting agents of LRTI
bacterial-strep pneumonia, H influences, mycoplasma
viral-RSV, influences a and., rhinovirus
what is bronchitis
common loose rattly cough chid verywell mucus cos clearance stops no wheeze or crackles bacterial infection gets bette in 3 weeks red flags-under 6 months and SOB
what is bronchiolitis
in infants caused by RSV blocked and running nose maybe crackles and wheezes poor feeding red ears peak around 3 months do bloods, CSR and bacterial cultures no anti b
what is pneumonia
signs are focal
high fever
give oral amoxicillin or oral macrolide
what is pertussis
whooping cough
vaccincation reduces risk
