the holocaust

Question 1

what is the meaning of the Holocaust?

Answer 1

from the Greek meaning “whole” “burnt”

Question 2

how long did the Holocaust last?

Answer 2

January 30, 1933 - May 8, 1945

Question 3

what were concentration camps?

Answer 3

labour camps for Nazi undesirables

Question 4

what were “Nazi undesirables”?

Answer 4

Jews, Poles, Romani, communists, homosexuals, Eastern Europeans, political enemies

Question 5

what were the 6 death/ extermination camps?

Answer 5

Auschwitz, Chelmno, Belzec, Majdanek, Sobibor, Treblinka

Question 6

why were the death/ extermination camps created?

Answer 6

for mass extermination of the Jews (Final Solution)

Question 7

what was stage 1 of the Holocaust?

Answer 7

deportation and forced emigration

Question 8

how long did deportation and forced emigration last for?

Answer 8

1933- 1939

Question 9

deportation and forced emigration

when and why did 53 000 Jews flee Germany?

Answer 9

when Hitler became chancellor in 1933

Question 10

deportation and forced emigration

what was November 9/10, 1938?

Answer 10

Kristallnacht- Nazi government led raids against the Jews (homes, people, property, synagogues, etc)

Question 11

deportation and forced emigration

when was the first concentration camp opened and how many were sent there in the first year?

Answer 11

1933, 30 000 sent

Question 12

what was stage 2 of the Holocaust?

Answer 12

ghettoization

Question 13

how long did ghettoization last?

Answer 13

1939-1941

Question 14

ghettoization

what made stage 1 impossible?

Answer 14

the invasion of Poland expands German territory

Question 15

ghettoization

what was the pre war Jewish population of Poland?

Answer 15

3.3M

Question 16

ghettoization

where and why were ghettos built?

Answer 16

in major Polish cities to contain Jews in certain areas of cities

Question 17

ghettoization

what were the conditions of the ghettos?

Answer 17

massive crowding; lack of food, shelter, sanitation; work, water, disease

Question 18

what was stage 3 of the Holocaust?

Answer 18

the “Final Solution”

Question 19

the “Final Solution”

when was the Wannsee Conference held and why?

Answer 19

January 20, 1942- to outline the Final Solution

Question 20

the “Final Solution”

who planned the Final Solution?

Answer 20

Heinrich Himmler and Adolf Eichmann

Question 21

Final Solution

the orders were to block all Jews from ___________- from the ghettoes they will be transported by _______ to the camps

Answer 21

leaving Europe / train car

Question 22

Final Solution

how was transport to the camps?

Answer 22

could take weeks and caused many deaths

Question 23

Final Solution

what did prisoners face upon arrival?

Answer 23

“selection”- some will be chosen to work in the camps and others will be gassed

Question 24

about how many were killed during the Holocaust?

Answer 24

5.9M Jews and countless other million “undesirables”

Question 25

how and when did the Allies find the death camps?

Answer 25

as the Allies began to liberate areas of Poland and Germany in late 1944- in early 1945 they found the camps

Question 26

what did the Nazis begin to kill remaining prisoners?

Answer 26

"death marches"

Question 27

what was the point of the trials that took place after the war?

Answer 27

to determine the responsibility of high ranking Nazis for their actions during the Holocaust

Question 28

what were the trials called?

Answer 28

Nuremberg Trials

Question 29

what happened to the many Nazis who sought to flee the country at the end of the war?

Answer 29

they were eventually tracked all over the globe, caught, and forced to stand trial

Question 30

what was Adolf Eichmann's defence?

Answer 30

"I was only following orders"